The Pterygopalatine Fossa Flashcards
pterygopalatine fossa:
an inverted “tear-drop” shaped space immediately posterior to the ___
contains the third part of the ___ artery, the ___ nerve, & the ___ ganglion
maxilla
maxillary artery
maxillary nerve
pterygopalatine ganglion
pterygopalatine fossa:
primary significance: many communications w/ ___
b/c of its strategic location, it’s a major site of distribution for the ___ nerve & the terminal 3rd segment of the ___ artery
other areas of the head
maxillary nerve
maxillary artery
pterygopalatine fossa:
boundaries:
anterior wall: posterior surface of the ___
posterior wall: ___ process of the ___ bone
medial wall: ___ plate of the ___ bone
lateral wall: ___ fissure
roof: greater wing of the ___
floor: ___ process of the ___ bone
posteiror surface of the maxilla pterygoid process of the sphenoid bone perpendicular plate of the palatine bone pterygomaxillary fissure greater wing of the sphenoid pyramidal process of the palatine bone
communications of the pterygopalatine fossa:
laterally:
w/ the ___ fossa via the ___ fissure
transmits: 3rd part of the ___ artery
infratemporal fossa
pterygomaxillary fissure
maxillary artery
communications of the pterygopalatine fossa:
medially:
w/ the ___ cavity via the ___ foramen
transmits: ___ vessels, ___ nerves, ___ nerve
nasal cavity
sphenopalatine foramen
sphenopalatine vessels
upper posterior nasal nerves
nasopalatine nerve
communications of the pterygopalatine fossa:
anteriorly:
w/ the ___ via the ___ fissure
transmits: ___ nerve & vessels, ___ nerve, ___ nerves
orbit
inferior orbital fissure
infraorbital nerve & vessels
zygomatic nerve
orbital nerves
communications of the pterygopalatine fossa:
posteriorly:
w/ the ___ fossa via the ___
transmits: ___ nerve
middle cranial fossa
foramen rotundum
maxillary nerve
communications of the pterygopalatine fossa:
posteriorly:
w/ the ___ fossa via the ___ canal
transmits: ___ nerve
middle cranial fossa
pterygoid canal
nerve of the pterygoid canal
communications of the pterygopalatine fossa:
posteriorly:
w/ the ___ via the ___ canal
transmits: ___ nerve & vessels
pharynx
palatovagainal canal
pharyngeal nerve & vessels
communications of the pterygopalatine fossa:
inferiorly:
w/ the ___ cavity via the ___ canal
transmits: ___ nerve & vessels
oral cavity
greater/lesser palatine canal
greater/lesser palatine nerve
pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
(general/special) (sensory/motor) fibers
enter the lateral wall of the ___ sinus
pass through the ___ to enter the pterygopalatine fossa
general sensory fibers
cavernous sinus
foramen rotundum
pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
within the pterygopalatine fossa, it’s connected to the ___ ganglion & ___ nerve for exchange of fibers
pterygopalatine ganglion
nerve of the pterygoid canal
pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
exchange of fibers:
pterygopalatine ganglion:
- (pre/postgang) (symp/parasmp) neurons
nerve of the pterygoid canal:
- ___ nerve (taste & preganglionic parasympathetic fibers from the facial nerve)
- ___ nerve (postganglionic sympathetic fibers form the internal carotid plexus)
postganglionic parasympathetic neurons
greater petrosal nerve
deep petrosal nerve
pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
after passing through the pterygopalatine fossa, proceeds through the ___ fissure to the floor of the ___ & becomes the ___ nerve
passes along the ___ groove, canal, & foramen & finally emerges on the ___
inferior orbital fissure
orbit
infraorbital nerve
infraorbital
face
pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
(pre/postgang) (symp/parasymp) fibers, arising from the pterygopalatine ganglion, join many (general/special) (sensory/motor) branches of the maxillary nerve in the pterygopalatine ganglion
the sympathetic fibers of the ___ nerve join all branches of the maxillary nerve
postganglionic parasympathetic fibers
general sensory
deep petrosal nerve
pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
branches (7)
orbital branches greater & lesser palatine nerves upper posterior nasal branches & nasopalatine nerves pharyngeal nerve zygomatic nerve posterior superior alveolar nerve infraorbital nerve
pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
orbital branches:
small branches passing through the ___ fissure & contribute to the supply of the ___ wall
contribute to the supply of the ___, ___, & ___
inferior orbital fissure
orbital wall
ehtmoidal, sphenoidal, & frontal air sinuses
pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
orbital branches:
three fiber types (3)
general sensory fibers from V2
postganglionic parasympathetic fibers from the pterygopalatine ganglion
postganglionic sympathetic fibers from the deep petrosal nerve
pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
greater & lesser palatine nerves:
descend through the ___ canals & emerge through the ___ foramina to reach the ___ of the mouth
palatine canals
greater & lesser palatine foramina
hard & soft palates
pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
greater & lesser palatine nerves:
four fiber types (4)
general sensory fibers from V2
postganglionic parasympathetic fibers from the pterygopalatine ganglion
taste fibers from the greater petrosal branch of the facial nerve for taste buds in the roof of the mouth (cells of origin of the taste fibers are in the geniculate ganglion of the facial nerve)
postganglionic sympathetic fibers from the deep petrosal nerve
pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
greater & lesser palatine nerves:
the greater palatine nerve passes forward on the roof of the ___ cavity to innervate mucosa & glands of the ___ & adjacent ___, almost as far forward as the ___ teeth
oralc avity
hard palate
gingiva
incisor teeth
pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
greater & lesser palatine nerves:
the lesser palatine nerve supplies the mucosa of the ___
within the palatine canal, the greater palatine nerve gives rise to the ___ nerves
soft palate
lower posterior nasal nerves
pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
upper posterior nasal branches & nasopalatine nerves:
pass into the ___ cavity through the ___ foramen
posterior nasal branches supply the posterior part of the ___ & posterior walls of the ___
nasal cavity
sphenopalatine foramen
nasal septum
nasal cavity
pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
upper posterior nasal branches & nasopalatine nerves:
the nasopalatine nerve proceeds antero-inferiorly through the ___ (supplying it) & enters the moutht through the ___ foramen behind the upper ___ teeth to supply the mucosa, gingiva, & glands adjacent to the ___ teeth
nasal septum
incisive foramen
upper incisor teeth
incisor teeth
pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
upper posterior nasal branches & nasopalatine nerves:
fiber types (3)
general sensory fibers from V2
postganglionic parasympathetic fibers from the pterygopalatine ganglion
postganglionic sympathetic fibers from the deep petrosal nerve
pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
pharyngeal nerve:
passes posteriorly from the ___ ganglion & leaves the fossa throught he ___ canal w/ the ___ vessels
supplies the mucosa & glands of the ___
pterygopalatine ganglion
palatovaginal canal
pharyngeal vessels
nasopharynx
pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
pharyngeal nerve:
fiber types (3)
general sensory fibers from V2
postganglionic parasympathetic fibers from the pterygopalatine ganglion
postganglionic sympathetic fibers from the deep petrosal nerve
pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
zygomatic nerve:
arises from the maxillary nerve within the ___ fossa
it passes into the ___ & splits into ___ & ___ branches which are sensory to the ___ & ___ regions of the face
pterygopalatine fossa
orbit
zygomaticofacial & zygomaticotemporal branches
zygomatic & temporal regions
pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
zygomatic nerve:
also receives (pre/postgang) (symp/parasymp) fibers from the ___ ganglion, which it hadns over to the ___ nerve
postganglionic parasympathetic fibers
pterygopalatine ganglion
lacrimal nerve of V1
pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
posterior superior alveolar nerve:
arises from the main trunk of the ___ nerve while in the ___ fossa
supplies the mucous membrane of the ___ sinuses & ___ teeth
maxillary nerve
pterygopalatine fossa
maxillary sinuses
upper molar teeth
pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
infraorbital nerve:
the anterior continuation of the ___ nerve as it enters the ___ fissure
while in the ___ groove & canal, it gives rise to the ___ & ___ nerves
maxillary nerve
inferior orbital fissure
infraorbital groove & canal
middle & anterior superior alveolar nerves
pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
infraorbital nerve:
middle superior alveolar nerve:
supplies the ___ sinuses & the ___ teeth
maxillary air sinuses
upper premolar teeth
pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
infraorbital nerve:
anterior superior alveolar nerve:
supplies the ___ sinuses & ___ teeth
also small branches of this nerve enter the ___ cavity & supply its floor, the ___ meatus & adjacent ___membrane
maxillary air sinuses
upper three anterior teeth
nasal cavity
inferior meatus
mucous membrane
pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
infraorbital nerve:
the posterior, middle, & anterior superior ___ nerves intermingle forming a ___ plexus before innervating the ___ teeth
alveolar nerves
dental plexus
upper teeth
pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
infraorbital nerve:
fiber types of the superior alveolar nerves (3)
general sensory fibers from V2
postganglionic parasympathetic fibers from the pterygopalatine ganglion
postganglionic sympathetic fibers from the deep petrosal nerve
pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
infraorbital nerve:
supplies:
- lower ___
- side of the ___
- upper ___
- front of the ___
- nasal ___
lower eyelid side of the nose upper lip front of the cheek nasal vestibule
pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary nerve:
infraorbital nerve:
fiber types (2)
general sensory from V2
postganglionic sympathetic fibers from the deep petrosal nerve
pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary artery:
the (smaller/larger) terminal branch of the ___ artery arising behind the ___
the passes through the ___ fissure from the ___ fossa into the ___ fossa where it terminates as the (1st/2nd/3rd) part of the ___ artery
larger
external carotid artery
neck of the mandible
pterygomaxillary fissure
infratemporal fossa
pterygopalatine fossa
3rd part of the maxillary artery
pterygopalatine fossa:
maxillary artery:
the 3rd part of the maxillary artery gives rise to branches which accompany branches of the ___ nerve
the ___ artery to the ___ cavity is the terminal branch of the maxillary artery
maxillary nerve
sphenopalatine artery
nasal cavity
pterygopalatine fossa:
veins of the pterygopalatine fossa:
veins that drain areas supplied by branches of the terminal part of the ___ artery generally travel along these branches back into the ___ fossa
the veins drain into the ___ plexus in the ___ fossa
maxillary artery
pterygopalatine fossa
pterygoid venous plexus
infratemporal fossa
