The Axilla & Brachial Plexus I Flashcards
vessels:
named arteries are all (superficial/deep)
large veins accompanying arteries are usually (paired/unpaired) & communicate (___)
superficial veins (do/do not) accompany named arteries
deep
paired
vena comitantes
do not
arteries:
subclavian artery
–> ___ artery
–> ___ artery
- -> ___ arteries
- -> ___ arteries
axillary artery
brachial artery
radial arteries
ulnar arteries
superficial veins:
begin as a network on the ___ & ___ of the ___
unite into two main channels: (2)
the vena comitantes of the brachial artery (do/do not) become the axillary vein
digits & dorsum of the hand
basilic vein
cephalic vein
do not
superficial veins:
basilic vein:
passes up the (medial/lateral) (ulnar/radial) side of the limb
penetrates the ___ fascia at approximately the ___
note: the ___ nerve passes superficially through the same opening of this fascia
continues into the ___ as the ___ vein
medial
ulnar
deep (brachial) fascia
mid-arm
medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve
axilla
axillary vein
superficial veins:
cephalic vein:
passes up the (medial/lateral) (ulnar/radial) side of the limb
usually communicates w/ the basilic vein in front of the ___ via the ___ vein
lateral
radial
elbow
median cubital vein
pectoralis major muscle:
large fan-shaped muscle covering the upper part of the ___ & enclosed by the ___ fascia
nerve(s)
action(s)
chest
fascia
medial & lateral pectoral nerves
flexes, adducts, & medially rotates the humerus
pectoralis minor muscle:
landmark of the ___
enclosed by the ___ fascia
nerve(s)
action(s)
axilla
clavipectoral fascia
medial & lateral pectoral nerves
draws the scapula downward & forward
stabilizes it
pectoralis minor muscle:
clavipectoral fascia:
thickening of the deep fascia extending from the ___ to the ___ fascia in the floor of the ___
encloses two muscles: (2)
forms a tough membrane b/n these muscles: ___
clavicle
axillary fascia
axilla
subclavius & pectoralis minor muscles
costocoracoid membrane
pectoralis minor muscle:
clavipectoral fascia:
costocoracoid membrane:
pierced by three structures:
- ___ vein
- ___ nerve
- ___ artery
cephalic vein
lateral pectoral nerve
thoracoacromial artery
pectoralis minor muscle:
clavipectoral fascia:
costocoracoid membrane:
approached from the ___:
- ___
- ___ muscle
- ___ muscle
deltopectoral triangle:
- clavicle
- deltoid muscle
- pectoralis major muscle
subclavius muscle:
nerve(s)
action(s)
nerve to the subclavius
depresses the lateral end of htethe clavicle
pulls the shoulder anteriorly
stabilizes the clavicle
axilla:
___-shaped compartment b/n the ___ & the ___
passageway for nerves & vessels of the ___ to reach the ___
pyramidal-shaped
upper limb & the thorax
trunk
upper limb
axilla:
boundaries:
apex formed by the convergence of 3 bones in its 3 major walls:
- anterior: ___
- posterior: ___
- medial: ___
base: fascia & skin of the ___
clavicle
scapula
first rib
armpit
axilla:
boundaries:
anterior wall:
muscles: (2)
lateral border of the ___ muscle forms the ___
- pectoralis major & minor
- pectoralis major muscle, anterior axillary fold
axilla:
boundaries:
posterior wall:
muscles: (3)
the ___ & ___ muscles form the ___
subscapularis muscle
teres major muscle
latissimus dorsi muscle
teres major & latissimus dorsi muscles
posterior axillary fold
axilla:
boundaries:
meidal wall:
- ribs ___
- ___ muscles
- ___ muscle
lateral wall: ___ of the ___
ribs 1-5
intercostal muscles
serratus anterior muscle
intertubercular (bicipital) groove of the humerus
axilla:
contents:
great vessels & nerves of the upper limb enclosed in the ___ (a continuation of the ___ fascia)
- ___ artery & vein
- ___ plexus
___
axillary sheath
prevertebral fascia
- axillary artery & vein
- brachial plexus
axillary lymph nodes
brachial plexus:
great nerve plexus of the ___
formed by ventral rami of ___ (contributions from ___ & ___)
upper limb
C5 - T1
C4 & T2
brachial plexus:
sensory innervation to the ___ & (superficial/deep) structures
motor innervation to the ___
vasomotor fibers to the ___ (pre/postgang symp/parasymp fibers)
secretomotor fibers to ___ (pre/postgang symp/parasymp fibers)
skin & deep structures
muscles
blood vessels
postganglionic sympathetic fibers
sweat glands
postganglionic sympathetic fibers
brachial plexus:
trunks & spinal cord levels (3)
superior - C5 & C6
middle - C7
inferior - C8 & T1
brachial plexus:
divisions & parts (2)
anterior division - flexor part
posterior division - extensor part
brachial plexus:
cords (3)
posterior cord
lateral cord
medial cord
brachial plexus:
divisions of trunks:
posterior cord
lateral cord
medial cord
all 3 posterior divisions of 3 trunks
anterior divisions of superior & middle trunks
anterior division of inferior trunk
brachial plexus:
terminal branches of cords (2 for each):
lateral cord
medial cord
posterior cord
musculocutaneous nerve & lateral root of median nerve
ulnar nerve & medial root of median nerve
radial & axillary nerves
branches of brachial plexus (2)
supraclavicular branches
infraclavicular branches
branches of brachial plexus: supraclavicular branches (2)
roots
upper trunk
branches of brachial plexus:
supraclavicular branches:
roots:
nerves (2)
dorsal scapular nerve
long thoracic nerve
branches of brachial plexus:
supraclavicular branches:
roots:
muscles:
dorsal scapular nerve (C5) (2)
long thoracic nerve (C5, C6, & C7) (1)
rhomboids & levator scapulae muscle
serratus anterior muscle
branches of brachial plexus:
supraclavicular branches:
upper trunk:
nerves (2)
nerve to the subclavius
suprascapular nerve
branches of brachial plexus:
supraclavicular branches:
upper trunk:
muscles:
nerve to the subclavius (C5 & C6) (1)
suprascapular nerve (C5 & C6) (2)
subclavius muscle
supraspinatous & infraspinatous muscles
branches of brachial plexus: infraclavicular branches (3)
lateral cord
medial cord
posterior cord
branches of brachial plexus:
infraclavicular branches:
lateral cord:
nerves (3)
lateral pectoral nerve
musculocutaneous nerve
lateral root of the median nerve
branches of brachial plexus:
infraclavicular branches:
lateral cord:
muscles:
lateral pectoral nerve (2)
musculocutaneous nerve (1) *ends as \_\_\_ nerve
pectoralis major & minor muscles
muscles of the anterior arm compartment
lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve
branches of brachial plexus:
infraclavicular branches:
medial cord:
nerves (5)
median pectoral nerve medial brachial cutaneous nerve medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve ulnar nerve medial root of the median nerve
branches of brachial plexus:
infraclavicular branches:
medial cord:
muscles:
medial pectoral nerve (2)
pectoralis major & minor muscles
branches of brachial plexus:
infraclavicular branches:
posterior cord:
nerves (5)
upper subscapular nerve thoracodorsal nerve lower subscapular nerve axillary nerve radial nerve
branches of brachial plexus:
infraclavicular branches:
posterior cord:
muscles:
upper subscapular nerve (1)
thoracodorsal nerve (1)
lower subscapular nerve (2)
axillary nerve (2) *ends as \_\_\_ nerve
radial nerve (1 nerve)
subscapularis muscle
latissimus dorsi muscle
subscapularis muscle & teres major muscle
teres minor & deltoid muscles
lateral brachial cutaneous nerve
great extensor nerve of the upper limb
