The Extensor Forearm & Hand I Flashcards
posterior (extensor) compartment of the forearm:
arteries (2)
nerve (1)
radial & interosseous arteries
radial nerve & its branches
superficial muscles of the extensor compartment (6)
brachioradialis extensor carpi radialis longus extensor carpi radialis brevis extensor digitorum extensor digiti minimi extensor carpi ulnaris
superficial muscles of the extensor compartment:
brachioradialis:
nerve
action(s)
radial nerve
flexes the forearm
superficial muscles of the extensor compartment:
extensor carpi radialis longus:
nerve
action(s)
radial nerve
extends & abducts the hand at the wrist joint
superficial muscles of the extensor compartment:
extensor carpi radialis brevis:
nerve
action(s)
radial nerve
extends & abducts the hand at the wrist joint
superficial muscles of the extensor compartment:
extensor digitorum:
nerve
action(s)
radial nerve
extends fingers, knuckles, & hand at the wrist joint
superficial muscles of the extensor compartment:
extensor digiti minimi:
nerve
action(s)
radial nerve
extends little finger
superficial muscles of the extensor compartment:
extensor carpi ulnaris:
nerve
action(s)
radial nerve
extends & adducts the hand at the wrist joint
deep muscles of the extensor compartment (5)
supinator abductor pollicis longus extensor pollicus brevis extensor pollicis longus extensor indicis
deep muscles of the extensor compartment:
supinator:
nerve
action(s)
radial nerve
supinates forearm
deep muscles of the extensor compartment:
abductor pollicis longus:
nerve
action(s)
radial nerve
abducts & extends thumb
deep muscles of the extensor compartment:
extensor pollicis brevis:
nerve: ___ branch of ___ nerve
action(s)
radial nerve
extends thumb, knuckle, & wrist
deep muscles of the extensor compartment:
extensor pollicis longus:
nerve
action(s)
radial nerve
extends thumb, knuckle, & wrist
deep muscles of the extensor compartment:
extensor indicis:
nerve
action(s)
radial nerve
extends thumb, knuckle, & wrist
lateral epicondylitis
“___”
inflammation of the ___ tendon of the ___
patient presents w/ pain in the lateral aspect of the ___ which may radiate down the lateral side of the ___ & into the ___ of the ___
it is common in tennis players, violinists, etc., & may occur after heavy exertion involving forceful ___/___ of the ___ (e.g., shoveling heavy snow
tennis elbow
common extensor tendon
lateral epicondyle of the humerus
elbow
forearm
dorsum of the hand
supination/pronation
forearm
nerves of the posterior compartment (1)
radial nerve
nerves of the posterior compartment:
radial nerve:
descends b/n the ___ & ___ muscles
crosses the ___ anteriorly & divides into two terminal branches:
- cutaneous to part of hand: ___ branch
- motor: ___ branch
brachialis & brachioradialis muscles
lateral epicondyle
- superficial
- deep
nerves of the posterior compartment:
radial nerve:
the deep branch pierces the ___ muscle & emerges in the posterior compartment as the ___ nerve
supinator muscle
posterior interosseous nerve
palm of the hand:
palmar aponeurosis:
triangular shaped thickening of deep fascia occupying ___
functions:
- firm attachment to overlying ___ to improve the ___
- protection of underlying ___, ___, & ___
central palm
- skin, grip
- tendons, nerves, & vessels
palm of the hand:
palmar aponeurosis:
apex: attached to distal border of the ___ & receives insertion of the ___ tendon
base: divides at base of ___ into four slips which each subdivide into two additional slips & attach to the ___ sheath & ___ ligament
flexor retinaculum
palmaris longus tendon
fingers
fibrous flexor sheath
deep transverse metacarpal ligament
palm of the hand:
dupuytren’s contracture:
localized thickening & contracture of the ___
commonly starts near the root of the ___ & draws it into the ___, flexing ita t the ___ joint
later, the condition involves the ___ in the same manner
palmar aponeurosis
ring finger
palm
metacarpophalangeal joint
little finger
palm of the hand:
dupuytren’s contracture:
in long-standing cases, the pull on the ___ sheaths of these fingers results in flexion of the ___ joints
the ___ joints are not involved
fibrous flexor sheaths
proximal interphalangeal joints
distal interphalangeal joints
palm of the hand:
dupuytren’s contracture:
the condition is frequently (unilateral/bilateral) & common in (men/women) older than 50 years
the cause is unknown, but evidence suggests a ___ predisposition
treatment usually involves surgical excision of all ___ parts of the fascia to free the fingers
bilateral
men
genetic
fibrotic
palm of the hand:
carpal tunnel & synovial sheaths:
carpal groove is converted into the carpal tunnel by the ___
the ___ tendons to the medial four digits & thumb pass through the tunnel accompanied by the ___ nerve
flexor retinaculum
long flexor tendons
median nerve
palm of the hand:
carpal tunnel & synovial sheaths:
the four tendons of the ___ are arranged in anterior & posterior rows
middle & ring finger tendons (in front of/behind) index & little finger tendons
the tendons of the ___ are on the same plane & lie behind the ___ tendons
flexor digitorum superficialis
in front of
flexor digitorum profundus
superficialis tendons
palm of the hand:
carpal tunnel & synovial sheaths:
all eight flexor tendons invaginate a common ___ from the lateral side
proximally, this extends approximately 1cm above the ___
distally, the portion of the index, middle, & ring fingers ends at approximately the ___ w/ new sheaths arising at the level of the ___ joints
synovial sheath
flexor retinaculum
mid-palm
knuckle joints
palm of the hand:
carpal tunnel & synovial sheaths:
the portion for the little finger continues to the ___
the tendon of the ___ runs through the lateral part of the tunnel in its own synovial sheath
the ___ nerve passes beneath the flexor retinaculum in a ___ space
distal phalanx
flexor pollicis longus
median nerve
restricted space
palm of the hand:
fibrous flexor sheaths:
anterior surface of each finger from the head of the ___ bones to the base of ___
attach to the sides of the ___
distal ends of the sheaths are (open/closed)
sheaths & phalanges form a tunnel for the ___ tendons
metacarpal bones
distal phalanges
phalanges
closed
long flexor tendons
