Nerve Lesions of the Lower Limb

Question 1

femoral nerve injury:

may be injured in ___ wounds or ___ wounds

the ___ muscle is paralyzed & the ___ cannot be extended

Answer 1

stab wounds
gun shot wounds

quadriceps femoris
knee

Question 2

femoral nerve injury:

skin sensation is lost over the (anterior/posterior) & (medial/lateral) sides of the thigh, over the (medial/lateral) part of the lower leg, & along the (medial/lateral) border of the foot as far as the ball of the big toe

Answer 2

anterior
medial
medial
medial

Question 3

sciatic nerve injury:

sometimes damaged by ___ wounds, fractures of the ___, dislocations of the ___

most frequently injured by badly placed ___ injections in the ___ region

to avoid this, injections should be made on the ___ quadrant of the ___

Answer 3

penetrating wounds
pelvis
hip joint

intramuscular injections
gluteal region

upper lateral quadrant of the buttock

Question 4

sciatic nerve injury:

in the majority of sciatic nerve lesions, the ___ nerve is most affected

this can probably be explained by the fact that the nerve fibers lie most (superficial/deep) in the sciatic nerve

Answer 4

common fibular nerve

superficial

Question 5

sciatic nerve injury:

the ___ muscles are paralyzed, but weak (flexion/extension) of the knee is possible b/c of the actions of the:

• ___ muscle (___ nerve)
• ___ muscle (___ nerve)

Answer 5

hamstring
flexion
- sartorius (femoral nerve)
- gracilus (obturator nerve)

Question 6

sciatic nerve injury:

all the muscles below the ___ are paralyzed & the weight of the foot causes it to assume a ___ position (___)

Answer 6

knee

plantar-flexed position (foot drop)

Question 7

sciatic nerve injury:

sensation is lost below the ___ except for a narrow area down the (medial/lateral) side of the (upper/lower) part of the leg & along the (medial/lateral) border of the foot as far as the ball of the bit toe, which is supplied by the ___ branch of the ___ nerve

Answer 7

knee
medial side of the lower part of the leg
medial border of the foot
saphenous branch of the femoral nerve

Question 8

sciatica:

pain in the lower ___ & ___ region radiating down the back of the ___ & ___

Answer 8

lower back & hip region

thigh & leg

Question 9

sciatica:

may be caused by ___ of an intervertebral disc w/ pressure on one or more roots of the ___ or ___ nerves or pressure on the ___ plexus or ___ nerve by an intrapelvic mass (e.g., tumor)

Answer 9

herniation
lower lumbar or sacral spinal nerves
sacral plexus or sciatic nerve

Question 10

common fibular nerve lesions:

the common fibular nerve is the most frequently injured nerve of the ___

fractures of the ___ may damage the nerve directly or it may be entrapped in the ___ that forms during healing

b/c of its superficial course over the ___ it may be damaged in sports injuries

Answer 10

lower limb

fibular neck
callus

neck of the fibula

Question 11

common fibular nerve lesions:

the muscles of the (anterior/posterior) & (medial/lateral) compartment of the leg are paralyzed (___s & ___s)

consequently, the opposing ___s & ___s of the foot cause the foot to be ___ (___) & ___ (___)

Answer 11

anterior
medial
dorsiflexors & everters

plantar flexors & inverters
plantar flexed (foot drop) & inverted (equinovarus)

Question 12

common fibular nerve lesions:

loss of sensation occurs down the (anterior/posterior) & (medial/lateral) sides of the leg & dorsum of the foot & toes, including the (medial/lateral) side of the big toe

Answer 12

anterior
lateral
medial

Question 13

common fibular nerve lesions:

the (medial/lateral) border of the foot & (medial/lateral) side of the little toe are unaffected (___ branch of ___ nerve)

the (medial/lateral) border of the foot as far as the ball of the big toe is unaffected (___ branch of ___ nerve)

Answer 13

lateral
lateral
sural branch of tibial nerve

medial
saphenous branch of femoral nerve

Question 14

tibial nerve lesions:

the ___ muscles, all muscles of the back of the ___, & all muscles of the ___ are paralyzed

consequently, the ___s & ___s ___ & ___ the foot

sensation is lost on the ___

Answer 14

hamstring
back of the leg
sole of the foot

dorsiflexors & everters
dorsiflex & evert

sole of the foot

Question 15

obturator nerve lesions:

occasionally injured in ___ wounds, anterior dislocations of the ___, or ___ through the obturator foramen

may be compressed by the babies head at ___

results in paralysis of the ___ muscles

there is minimal sensory loss on the (medial/lateral) aspect of the thigh

Answer 15

penetrating wounds
hip joint
abdominal herniae

parturition

adductor muscles

medial