The Larynx

Question 1

functions (3)

Answer 1

respiratory

phonatory

reflexive & voluntary sphincteric functions (e.g., to prevent aspiration or breath holding)

Question 2

laryngeal regions & landmarks:
upper laryngeal cavity:

___ region

from the tip of the ___ to the ___

Answer 2

supraglottal regoin
epiglottis
vestibular folds

Question 3

laryngeal regions & landmarks:
upper laryngeal cavity:
landmarks:

\_\_\_ (opening to the \_\_\_)
\_\_\_
\_\_\_ folds
\_\_\_ cartilages
\_\_\_ folds or the \_\_\_ cords
\_\_\_ (area b/n the \_\_\_ & the \_\_\_)

Answer 3

aditus (opening to the larynx)
epiglottis
aryepiglottic folds
arytenoid cartilgaes
vestibular (ventricular) folds or the false vocal cords
vestibule (area b/n the aditus & the vestibular folds)

Question 4

laryngeal regions & landmarks:
middle laryngeal cavity:

___ region

from the ___ to the ___

Answer 4

glottal region

vestibular folds
vocal folds

Question 5

laryngeal regions & landmarks:
middle laryngeal cavity:
landmarks:

___ (___) - strung b/n the thyroid angle & vocal processes of the arytenoid cartilage

___ - the lateral space b/n the false & true vocal folds

___ - the narrowest space b/n the two true vocal folds (the narrowest part of the larynx)

___ - the medial borders of the true vocal cords

Answer 5

vocal folds (true vocal cords)

ventricles

glottis

rima glottis

Question 6

laryngeal regions & landmarks:
lower laryngeal cavity:

___ region

from the ___ to the lower border of the ___

Answer 6

infraglottal region

vocal cords
cricoid cartilage

Question 7

laryngeal regions (3)

Answer 7

upper laryngeal cavity
middle laryngeal cavity
lower laryngeal cavity

Question 8

laryngeal skeleton:

two cartilages (2)

Answer 8

unpaired cartilages

paired cartilages

Question 9

laryngeal skeleton:

unpaired cartilages (3)

Answer 9

thyroid cartilage
cricoid cartilage
epiglottic cartilage

Question 10

laryngeal skeleton:

paired cartilages (3)

Answer 10

arytenoid cartilage
cuneiform cartilages
corniculate cartilages

Question 11

laryngeal skeleton:
unpaired cartilages:
thyroid cartilage:
landmarks:

\_\_\_
\_\_\_ (external)
\_\_\_ (internal)
\_\_\_ notch
\_\_\_ & \_\_\_

Answer 11

laminae
laryngeal prominence (external)
thyroid angle (internal)
superior thyroid notch
superior & inferior horns or cornua

Question 12

laryngeal skeleton:
unpaired cartilages:
cricoid cartilage:
landmarks:

___
___
___ surface
___ surface

Answer 12

arch
lamina
cricothyroid articular surface
cricoarytenoid articular surface

Question 13

laryngeal skeleton:
unpaired cartilages:
epiglottic cartilage:
landmarks:

___
___ plate

Answer 13

stalk

epiglottic plate

Question 14

laryngeal skeleton:
paired cartilages:
arytenoid cartilage:
landmarks:

___
___
___ process
___ process

Answer 14

base
apex
vocal process
muscular process

Question 15

laryngeal articulations (2)

Answer 15

synovial articulations

membranous articulations

Question 16

laryngeal articulations:
synovial articulations (2)

Answer 16

cricothyroid joint

cricoarytenoid joint

Question 17

laryngeal articulations:
membranous articulations (2)

Answer 17

extrinsic membranes

intrinsic membranes

Question 18

laryngeal articulations:
membranous articulations:
extrinsic membranes (2)

Answer 18

thyrohyoid membrane

cricotracheal membrane

Question 19

laryngeal articulations:
membranous articulations:
intrinsic membranes (3)

Answer 19

quadrangular membrane
cricothyroid membrane
median cricothyroid ligament

Question 20

laryngeal articulations:
membranous articulations:
intrinsic membranes:

consists of ___ & ___ parts of a continuous elastic membrane: ___

Answer 20

superior & infeiror parts

conus elasticus

Question 21

laryngeal muscles (2)

Answer 21

extrinsic

intrinsic

Question 22

laryngeal muscles:
extrinsic:

the ___ & ___ muscles for ___ & ___

Answer 22

suprahyoid & infrahyoid msucles

phonation & deglutition

Question 23

laryngeal muscles:
intrinsic:

these relatively (large/small) muscles provide ___, ___, & ___ functions

Answer 23

small

sphincteric
respiratory
phonatory

Question 24

laryngeal muscles:

intrinsic (2)

Answer 24

sphincteric group

respiratory & phonatory group

Question 25

laryngeal muscles:
intrinsic:
sphincteric group:

circumferential muscles that act to close the ___ & ___

four muscles (4)

Answer 25

aditus & ventricular folds

aryepiglottic muscle
oblique arytenoids muscle
thyroepiglottic muscle
thyroarytenoid muscle

Question 26

laryngeal muscles:
intrinsic:
respiratory & phonatory group:

___ muscles that act on the ___ articulations to change the openings & length of the ___

Answer 26

strap muscles
laryngeal artiuclations
vocal folds

Question 27

laryngeal muscles:
intrinsic:
respiratory & phonatory group:

\_\_\_ muscle (abducts the vocal folds)
\_\_\_ muscle (adducts the vocal folds)
\_\_\_ muscle (adducts the vocal folds)
\_\_\_ muscle (lengthens & tenses the vocal folds)
\_\_\_ muscle (shortens & relaxes the vocal folds)
\_\_\_ muscle (shortens & relaxes the vocal folds)

Answer 27

posterior cricoarytenoid muslce
lateral cricoarytenoid muscle
transverse arytenoid muscle
cricothyroid muslce
thyroarytenoid muscle
vocalis muscle

Question 28

layrngeal nerve supply:

from ___ nerve

two nerves (2)

Answer 28

vagus

superoir laryngeal nerve
inferior (recurrent) laryngeal nerve

Question 29

laryngeal nerve supply:
superior laryngeal nerve:

two branches (2)

Answer 29

external branch

internal branch

Question 30

laryngeal nerve supply:
superior laryngeal nerve:
external branch:

(sensory/motor) to the ___ muscle

Answer 30

motor

cricothyroid muscle

Question 31

laryngeal nerve supply:
superior laryngeal nerve:
internal branch:

(sensory/motor) to the upper & middle regions of the ___ cavity

Answer 31

sensory

laryngeal cavity

Question 32

laryngeal nerve supply:
inferior (recurrent) laryngeal nerve:

(sensory/motor) to remaining ___ muscles

(sensory/motor) to lower ___ cavity

Answer 32

motor
intrinsic muscles

sensory
laryngeal cavity