Joints of the Lower Limb I

Question 1

hip joint:

___ joint

articulations (2)

Answer 1

ball & socket joint

head of femur
acetabulum of hip bone

Question 2

hip joint:
acetabulum:

___ deepens the cavity of the joint

articular surface is ___-shaped & deficient (superiorly/inferiorly) at the ___, which is bridged by the ___ ligament

Answer 2

fibrocartilage acetabular labrum

horseshoe-shaped
inferiorly
acetabular ntoch
transverse acetabular ligament

Question 3

hip joint:

ligaments (4)

Answer 3

iliofemoral ligament
ischiofemoral ligament
pubofemoral ligament
ligament of head of femur

Question 4

hip joint:
iliofemoral ligament:

on of the (strongest/weakest) ligaments in the body

resists ___

Answer 4

strongest

hyperextension

Question 5

hip joint:
ischiofemoral ligament:

(thickest/thinnest) of the three main ligaments

resists ___

Answer 5

thinnest

hyperextension

Question 6

hip joint:
pubofemoral ligament:

blends w/ the lower portion of the ___ ligament

resists ___

Answer 6

iliofemoral ligament

over abduction

Question 7

hip joint:
ligament of head of femur:

runs b/n ___ fossa & ___ ligament to the ___ of the ___

(a lot of / no) importance in adults

may play a role in ___ of the joint in young children

Answer 7

acetabular fossa
transverse lgiament
fovea capitus of the femur

no

stabilization

Question 8

muscles for movements of the hip joint:

flexion (3)

Answer 8

iliopsoas
rectus femoris
sartorius

Question 9

muscles for movements of the hip joint:

extension (2)

Answer 9

gluteus maximus

hamstring muscles

Question 10

muscles for movements of the hip joint:

abduction (4)

Answer 10

gluteus medius
gluteus minimus
sartorius
tensor fasciae latae

Question 11

muscles for movements of the hip joint:

adduction (5)

Answer 11

adductor longus
adductor brevis
adductor magnus
gracilus
pectineus

Question 12

muscles for movements of the hip joint:
lateral rotaiton (7)

Answer 12

piriformis
obturator internus
obturator externus
superior gemellus
inferior gemellus
quadratus femoris
gluteus maximus

Question 13

muscles for movements of the hip joint:
medial rotation (3)

Answer 13

gluteus medius
gluteus minimus
tensor fasciae latae

Question 14

muscles for movements of the hip joint:

circumduction

Answer 14

combination of all other movements

Question 15

congenital dislocation of hip joint:

(common/rare), occurring approximately 1.5 per 1000 births

girls are affected at least 8x (more/less) than boys

the upper lip of the ___ fails to develop & the head of the ___ rises up out of it onto the gluteal surface of the ___, giving the appearance that the affected limb is (longer/shorter)

Answer 15

common

more

acetabulum
femur
ilium
shorter

Question 16

traumatic dislocation of hip joint:

(common/rare) b/c of the (strength/weakness) of the joint

usually caused by high ___ injury such as a motor vehicle accident when a person is seated in a vehicle w/ the joint ___d & ___d

a head-on collision that causes the knee to strike the dashboard may displace the ___ (anteriorly/posteriorly) tearing this part of the capsule & shattering it

Answer 16

rare
strength

energy
flexed & adducted

femoral head
posteriorly

Question 17

traumatic dislocation of hip joint:

associated fractures of the ___ & ___ are not uncommon

the ___ nerve is closely related to the (anterior/posterior) surface of the joint & may be injured

Answer 17

acetabulum
pelvis

sciatic nerve
posterior

Question 18

the knee joint:

(smallest/largest) & (most/least) complicated joint in the body

articulations (2)

modified ___ joint

Answer 18

largest
most

condyles of the femur & tibia (tibial condyles = tibial plateaus)

hinge joint

Question 19

the knee joint:
extracapsular ligaments (5)

Answer 19

patellar
tibial collateral
fibular collateral
oblique popliteal
arcuate popliteal

Question 20

the knee joint:
patellar ligament:

___ to ___

extension of ___ tendon

helps ___ the knee joint throughout its range of movement

Answer 20

patella to tibial tuberosity

quadriceps femoris

stabilize

Question 21

the knee joint:
tibial collateral ligament:

___ to ___

firmly attached to the ___ (by the (superficial/deep) part of the ligament)

Answer 21

medial femoral epicondyle to tibia

medial meniscus
deep

Question 22

the knee joint:
fibular collateral ligament:

___ to ___

separated from the lateral meniscus by the ___ tendon

Answer 22

lateral femoral epicondyle to fibula

popliteus tendon

Question 23

the knee joint:
oblique popliteal ligament:

expansion of ___ tendon

(anterior/posterior) support

Answer 23

semimembranosus tendon

posterior

Question 24

the knee joint:
arcuate popliteal ligament:

(anterior/posterior) thickening of the ___ at the upper edge of the ___ tendon

(anterior/posterior) support

Answer 24

posterior
capsule
popliteus tendon

posterior

Question 25

the knee joint:
the menisci:

wedge-shaped semilunar pieces of ___

attached to the ___ area of the ___ medially

attached to the ___ laterally

Answer 25

fibrocartilage

interocondylar area of the tibia

fibrous capsule

Question 26

the knee joint:
the menisci:

2 menisci:

• c-shaped: ___
• o-shaped: ___

___ ligament unites them anteriorly

Answer 26

medial meniscus
lateral meniscus

transverse ligament

Question 27

the knee joint:
the menisci:

medial meniscus: firmly attached to the ___ ligament

lateral meniscus: separated from the fibular collateral ligament by the ___ tendon

chief function: maintain congruence of the ___ & ___ throughout range of movement

Answer 27

tibial collateral ligament

popliteus tendon

tibial & femoral condyles