The Inguinal Region Flashcards by Heather Acuff

inguinal canal

3-5 cm oblique passageway occurring in the inguinal region of the anterior body wall

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

formation of inguinal canal:

inguinal canal is formed during ___ when the ___ (___) descend form the posterior abdominal wall

in prenatal males, the ___ will pass through the inguinal canal & come to rest in the ___

the ___ contains vasculature & the ___, which traverse the inguinal canal & connect the testes to structures within the pelvis

in females, the ___ traverses the inguinal canal

fetal development, gonads (testes or ovaries)

testes, scrotum

spermatic cord, ductas (vas) deferens

round ligament of the uterus

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

descent of the testes:

the testes start in the ___

they are situated on the ___

they are covered with a ___ & are termed ___

upper lumbar region

posterior abdominal wall

peritoneum, retroperitoneal

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

descent of the testes:

during embryonic week 7, the ___ (___) condenses along the posterior abdominal wall

the paired ___ connect the inferior surface of each testis to the ___

gubernaculum (a ligamentous cord)

gubernacula, scrotum

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

descent of the testes:

growth of the __ & shortening of the ___ results in peritoneum & testes being pulled ___ & the formation of the ___ (___)

embryo, gubernaculum, inferiorly, processus vaginalis (outpouching of peritoneum)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

descent of the testes:

the ___ forms immediately anterior to the gubernaculum & precedes the ___ as it moves toward the scrotum

this results in the ___ pushing through the ___ fascia, the ___ muscle, & the ___ muscle & the formation of the ___ canal

processus vaginalis, testis

processus vaginalis, transversalis, internal oblique, external oblique, inguinal

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

descent of the testes:

the opening produced by the processus vaginalis in the transversalis fascia becomes the ___

the opening in the aponeurosis of the external abdominal oblique becomes the ___

the processus vaginalis carries extensions of the layers of the ___ fascia, the ___ muscle, & the ___ muscle as it descends

deep inguinal ring

superficial inguinal ring

transversalis, internal oblique, external oblique

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

descent of the testes:

in the male, the transversalis fascia, the internal oblique muscle, & the external oblique muscle contribute layers to form the ___ & testes

the testis continues its descent & comes to lie on the ___ of this processus vaginalis

the testis then embeds itself into the processus vaginalis & thus obtains two layers of peritoneum known as the ___: the ___ (on the tesits) & the ___

coverings of the spermatic cord

inferior extent

tunica vaginalis, visceral, parietal layer

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

descent of the testes:

the testes is at the deep inguinal ring at about ___ of intrauterine life

the descent of the testes is virtually concluded by the ___ of intrauterine life

the processus vaginalis obliterates shortly after birth leaving only the ___

the gubernaculum remains in the adult male as the ___ or “___” (this ligament secures the testis to the most inferior portion of the scrotum)

7 months

8th month

tunica vaginalis

gubernaculum testis, “scrotal ligament”

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

cryptorchidism

usually, the tests have descended into the scrotum at birth, but occasionally one or both may remain in the pelvic cavity or inguinal canal

cryptorchidism = “hidden testis”

this can be remedied surgically

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

coverings of the spermatic cord:

the spermatic cord is covered by ___ layers derived from the anterior abdominal wall

these layers form as the ___ evaginated the abdominal wall & carried part of each of its layers into the ___

3 concentric

processus vaginalis, scrotum

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

coverings of the spermatic cord:
internal spermatic fascia:

forms as the ___ evaginates the transversalis fascia

the ___ covering of the spermatic cord

processus vaginalis

filmy innermost

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

coverings of the spermatic cord:
cremasteric muscle & fascia:

the ___ covering of the spermatic cord which contains ___

as the processus vaginalis w/ its covering of ___ evaginates the internal abdominal oblique muscle, it acquired a few of the muscle fibers & some ___ of this muscle

the cremasteric muscles are not usually under ___ control but are ___ muscles & when contracted raise the ___ (particularly in the cold)

middle, loops of cremaster muscle

internal spermatic fascia, investing fascia

voluntary, skeletal, testis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

coverings of the spermatic cord:
cremasteric muscle & fascia:

the ___ is a contraction of cremasteric muscle after stroking the inner thigh results ina lifting of the scrotum & testis on the side stroked

the nerve is ___

the artery is ___

cremasteric reflex

genitofemoral nerve - efferent fibers

cremasteric artery - from the inferior epigastric artery

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

coverings of the spermatic cord:
external spermatic fascia

the ___ covering of the spermatic cord

as the processus vaginalis evaginates the ___ & forms the ___ it carries an extension of this aponeurosis which becomes the ___

it is attached superior to the ___

it is continuous w/ the fascia covering the ___ muscle

thin outermost

external oblique aponeruosis, superficial inguinal ring, external spermatic fascia

crura of the superficial inguinal ring

external abdominal oblique

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

descent of the ovaries:

ovaries start in the ___

they are covered with a ___ & are termed ___

during embryonic week 7, the ___ (___) condenses along the posterior abdominal wall

the paired ___ connect the inferior surface of each ovary to the ___

upper lumbar region

peritoneum, retroperitoneal

gubernaculum (a ligamentous cord)

gubernacula, bottom of the labia majora

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

descent of the ovaries:

ovaries migrate from the ___ to a point just below the ___

they do not pass through the ___

the ___ becomes incorporated into the wall of the uterus

the remnants of the gubernaculum in the female are the ___ & the ___

the ___ passes through the inguinal canal & continues on to the ___

lumbar region, pelvic brim

inguinal canal

gubernaculum

round ligament of the uterus, ligament of the ovary

round ligament of the uterus, labia majora

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

boundaries of the inguinal canal:

deep (internal) ring

an opening in the transversalis fascia

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

boundaries of the inguinal canal:

superficial (external) ring

an opening in the aponeruosis of the external oblique msucle

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

boundaries of the inguinal canal:
anterior wall:

___ abdominal oblique ___

external, over entire length (aponeurosis of)

internal, on lateral one-third

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

boundaries of the inguinal canal:
posterior wall

___ fascia ___

___ tendon ___

___ ligament of the ___ oblique ___

transversalis, over entire length

conjoint, on medial one-third

reflected inguinal, external abdominal, on medial one-third

boundaries of the inguinal canal:

roof

arched fibers of the internal abdominal oblique muscle & transversus abdominis muscle

boundaries of the inguinal canal:
floor

___ ligament of the ___ oblique

inguinal, external

lacunar, external

direct & indirect inguinal hernias:

a hernia is a protrusion of ___ (___) through an ___, or a weakened ___

the inguinal canal is the point where the ___ is weakened

tissue (internal organ), abnormal opening, anterior abdominal wall

inguinal canal, anterior abdominal wall

direct & indirect inguinal hernias: indirect inguinal hernia: may occur when the ___ remains patent, & an internal organ (e.g. a loop of intestine) passes through the ___ occurs ___ to the ___ vessels an internal organ may pass completely through the ___ (i.e. through both ___ & ___ inguinal rings) & lie in its ___

processus vaginalis, deep inguinal ring lateral, inferior epigastric inguinal canal, (deep & superficial), scrotum

direct & indirect inguinal hernias: direct inguinal hernia: occurs when an internal organ pushes directly through the ___ w/o traversing the ___ occurs ___ to the ___ vessels, & lies in a small area known as ___ produces a bulge deep to the ___ when abdominal contents put pressure on transversalis fascia (& subserous fascia & peritoneum), an internal organ may traverse the ___

superficial inguinal ring, inguinal canal medial, inferior epigastric, Hesselbach's triangle conjoined tendon posterior wall of inguinal canal

direct & indirect inguinal hernias: direct inguinal hernia: the contents of the hernia will enter the inguinal canal along side the ___ distal to the origin of the ___ contents of the hernia are located between the ___ & the ___ layer this is an acquired condition due to the weakness of the ___ of the ___ more common in ___

spermatic cord, internal spermatic fascia internal spermatic, cremasteric fascia posterior wall, inguinal canal older men

the scrotum: an extension of the ___ on its surface, the scrotum is divided by a ___ into right & left havles the scrotum is a ___ sac that consists of ___ & ___

anterior abdominal wall scrotal raphe pendulous, skin, superficial fascia

layers of the scrotum (2)

skin superficial fascia

layers of the scrotum: | skin

the skin in this area is dark in color & wrinkled (rugosa)

layers of the scrotum: superficial fascia: devoid of ___ & contains ___ muscle called ___ this muscle is an ___ muscle that inserts in the skin & causes scrotum to ___ when cold muscle is innervated by ___ fibers

fat, smooth, dartos muscle involuntary, wrinkle sympathetic nerve

layers of the scrotum: superficial fascia: continuous w/ the membranous layer of ___ of the abdomen (___) & the ___ (___) forms an incomplete ___ that divides the scrotum into a right & left half

superficial fascia, scarpa's fascia, perineum, colle's fascia scrotal septum

contents of the scrotum: the testis an ___ gland produce ___ secrete ___

ovoid sperm sex hormones

contents of the scrotum: | the coverings of the testis (5)

external spermatic fascia cremasteric muscle & fascia internal spermatic fascia tunica albuginea

contents of the scrotum: the coverings of the testis: tunica vaginalis testis derivative of the ___ composed of 2 layers: ___ layer next to ___ ___ layer - adherent to the ___ & ___ (the coiled structure that houses the sperm) - laterally passes b/n the above two structures to form the ___

processus vaginalis parietal, internal spermatic fascia visceral - testis, epididymis - sinus of the epididymis

contents of the scrotum: the coverings of the testis: tunica albuginea a ___ layer of ___ tissue surrounding the testes which is found deep to the ___ layer of the ___ extensions of the tunica albuginea form ___ within the testes thus subdividing the testes into ___

dense, connective, visceral, tunica vaginalis septa, lobules

contents of the scrotum: the testis: seminiferous tubules - within ___ formed by the ___ in the testes - it's within these tubules that ___ are produced - join to form the ___ efferent ductules - number: ___ - connect the ___ to the ___

lobules, septa sperm rete testis 15-20 rete testis, head of the epididymis

contents of the scrotum: the epididymis: a ___ that's about ___ long which connects the ___ to the ___ forms on the ___ & ___ surface of the testis can be divided into three regions: ___, ___, & ___

tightly-coiled tube, efferent ducts, vas deferens superior, posterolateral body, tail, head

contents of the scrotum: the epididymis: body: consists of ___ separated from testes by the ___

the highly convoluted duct of the epididymis sinus of the epididymis

contents of the scrotum: the epididymis: tail

continuous w/ the vas deferens (ductus deferens)

contents of the scrotum: the epididymis: head

connects to testes efferent ductules

contents of the scrotum: vas deferens or ductus deferens (vas deferens): transports ___ to the ___ ___ enters the vas deferens at time of ___ the vas deferens travels through the ___ to the ___ & into the ___

sperm, ejaculatory duct sperm, ejaculation superficial inguinal ring, deep inguinal ring, abdomen

contents of the spermatic cord: all the structures attached to the testes before its descent ___

remain attached to the testis after its descent

contents of the spermatic cord: the vas deferens (ductus deferens): this is a ___ of the testes it lies in the ___ of the spermatic cord it can be easily ___ in the ___ of the scrotum it carries ___ from ___ to the ___

large duct posterior part palpated, upper part sperm, epididymis, urethra

contents of the spermatic cord: arteries: testicular artery: a ___ vessel arising from the front of the ___ supplies the ___ & ___ goes through the ___

long slender, aorta testis, epididymis inguinal canal

contents of the spermatic cord: arteries: artery of ductus deferens: arises from the ___ follows the ___ through its course anastomoses with the ___ near the testes

inferior vesical artery (artery of the bladder) ductus deferens testicular artery

contents of the spermatic cord: arteries: cremasteric artery arises from the ___ supplies the ___ muscle & other ___

inferior epigastric artery cremasteric, coverings of the cord

contents of the spermatic cord: veins: ___ veins from the ___ surface anastomose to form a ___* surrounds the ___ & ___ ends in the ___ drains into the ___ on the left side drains into the ___ on the right side

12, posterior, pampiniform plexus ductus deferens, arteries testicular vein left renal vein inferior vena cav

contents of the spermatic cord: nerves: ilioinguinal nerve: ___ fibers on arteries: ___ fibers for ductus deferens (pain & sickening sensation when testis is hit): ___ genitofemoral nerve: ___

skin of scrotum & labia major sympathetic sympathetic & parasympathetic passes into the spermatic cord & supplies the cremaster & skin, scrotum, & labia

contents of the spermatic cord: lymph vessels drain the ___ pass ___ in the spermatic cord to drain into the ___

testis upward, lumbar nodes