The Facial Nerve Flashcards
facial nerve (VII):
nerve of the ___ branchial arch
emerges w/ the vestibulocochlear nerve from the lower lateral part of the ___
consists of two distinct parts (2)
second
pons
facial nerve proper
nervus intermedius
facial nerve (VII): facial nerve proper:
pure (sensory/motor) nerve
sends these branches to four muscles (4)
motor
muscles of facial expression
stapedius
stylohyoid
posterior belly of the digastric muscle
facial nerve (VII): nervus intermedius:
named b/c of its position b/n the ___ & the ___ nerve
contains the following fiber types (3)
facial nerve proper
vestibulocochlear nerve
taste fibers
preganglionic parasympathetic fibers
some general sensory fibers
general course of the facial nerve:
enters the ___ meatus accompanied by the ___ nerve
it then enters the ___ canal & courses laterally through the ___ portion of the ___ bone until it reaches the cavity of the ___ (___ cavity)
at this point, the facial nerve turns sharply backward forming a ___ bend
internal acoustic meatus
vestibulocochlear nerve
facial canal
petrous portion
temporal bone
cavity of the middle ear (tympanic cavity)
knee-shaped
general course of the facial nerve:
the knee-shaped bend (___) is enlarged & contains the (senroy/motor) ganglion of the facial nerve, the ___ ganglion
when it reaches the posterior wall of the middle ear cavity, the facial nerve turns sharply downward & leaves the skull through the ___ foramen
genu
sensory ganglion
geniculate ganglion
stylomastoid foramen
facial nerve proper:
while in the facial canal, it sends a branch to the ___ muscle
on emerging from the ___ foramen, the facial nerve proper sends two branches off immediately:
- ___: to facial muscles behind the ear
- ___
stapedius
stylomastoid foramen
- posterior auricular branch
- branch to the stylohyoid & posterior belly of the digastric
facial nerve proper:
the main trunk of the nerve enters the substance of the ___ gland & gives origin to its five terminal branches, which supply the muscles of ___ (5)
parotid
facial expression
temporal zygomatic buccal mandibular cervical
nervus intermedius:
contains three fibers (3)
___ fibers of the facial nreve can be ignored
taste fibers
preganglionic parasympathetic fibers
some general sensory fibers
general sensory fibers
nervus intermedius:
all sensory fibers (___ & ___) have their cell bodies (pseudounipolar neurons) in the ___ ganglion
the peripheral processes of the taste fibers as well as the preganglionic parasympathetic fibers proceed in the two peripheral branches of the nervus intermedius (2)
taste & general sensory
geniculate ganglion
greater petrosal nerve
chorda tympani
nervus intermedius:
greater petrosal nerve:
given off at the level of the ___ ganglion
proceeds anteriorly & enters the ___ fossa at the ___
geniculate ganglion
middle cranial fossa
hiatus of the greater petrosal nerve
nervus intermedius:
greater petrosal nerve:
it crosses the ___ & enters the ___ canal where it is joined by the ___ nerve
this nerve consists of (pre/post-ganglionic) (symp/parasymp) fibers from the ___ plexus
foramen lacerum
pterygoid canal
deep petrosal nerve
postganglionic sympathetic fibers
internal carotid plexus
nervus intermedius:
greater petrosal nerve:
the greater petrosal nerve & deep petrosal nerve constitute the nerve of the ___ canal
both nerves pass into the ___ fossa
nerve of the pterygoid canal
pterygopalatine fossa
nervus intermedius:
greater petrosal nerve:
the deep petrosal nerve passes through the ___ ganglion w/o synapsing & provides all branches of the ___ division of the ___ nerve w/ (pre/post-ganglionic) (symp/parasymp) fibers
pterygopalatine ganglion
maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve
postganglionic sympathetic fibers
nervus intermedius:
greater petrosal nerve:
the preganglionic parasympathetic fibers of the greater petrosal nerve synapse in the ___ ganglion
the postganglionic parasympathetic fibers originating in this ganglion join seven nerves (7)
pterygopalatine ganglion
- greater & lesser palatine nerves
- posterior nasal branches
- nasopalatine nerve
- pharyngeal nerve
- orbital branches
- zygomatic nerve (which ultiamtely passes them off to the lacrimal nerve (V1))
- superior alveolar nerves
nervus intermedius:
greater petrosal nerve:
the taste fibers of the greater petrosal nerve pass through the ___ ganglion w/o synapsing & join the ___ nerves to supply taste buds of the palate
pterygopalatine ganglion
greater & lesser palatine nerves
nervus intermedius:
chorda tympani:
continues its course w/ the facial nerve through the ___ canal
just before the facial nerve reaches the ___ foramen, the chorda tympani departs & enters the ___ cavity
facial
stylomastoid foramen
tympanic cavity
nervus intermedius:
chorda tympani:
it runs forward over the inner surface of the ___ membrane & crosses the handle of the ___ (the shadow of the nerve can be seen through the membrane)
it leaves the ___ cavity through the ___ fissure & enters the ___ fossa & joins the ___ nerve
tympanic membrane
handle of the malleus
tympanic cavity
petrotympanic fissure
infratemporal fossa
lingual nerve
nervus intermedius:
chorda tympani:
its taste fibers are distributed to the taste buds of the ___
its preganglionic parasympathetic fibers synapse w/ postganglionic parasympathetic neurons in the ___ ganglion which is suspended from the ___ nerve by communicating branches
the postganglionic parasympathetic fibers either proceed to the ___ gland or pass forward along the ___ nerve to be distributed to the ___ & ___ glands
anterior two-thirds of the tongue
submandibular ganglion
lingual nerve
submandibular gland
lingual nerve
sublingual & lingual salivary glands
lesion of the facial nerve:
the symptoms of damage to the facial nerve depend upon ___
where along the course of the facial nerve the damage occurs
lesion of the facial nerve:
at the level of the stylomastoid foramen:
this is the most common site of a lesion & is known as ___
all of the muscles of facial expression on the ipsilateral side are ___, but glandular & taste functions of the facial nerve ___
the patient cannot close the ___
the potential for irritation of the ___ is great
the corner of the mouth & lip on the affected side ___, allowing saliva to drip down the face
paralysis of the ___ muscle allows food to accumulate b/n the cheek & the gum
bell’s palsy
paralyzed
remain intact
eyelid
cornea
droop
buccinator muscle
lesion of the facial nerve:
lesion in the facial canal b/n the departure of the chorda tympani & the nerve to the stapedius:
all of the symptoms at the level of the ___ foramen
plus loss of ___ on the ___ & reduced ___
stylomastoid foramen
taste
anterior two-thirds of the tongue
salivation
lesion of the facial nerve:
lesion proximal to the departure of the nerve to the stapedius:
all of the effects of the ___ foramen & the ___ canal
plus ___ (increased sensitivity to sound)
stylomastoid foramen
facial canal
hyperacusis
lesion of the facial nerve:
lesion of the entire nerve at the level of the internal acoustic meatus:
all of the effects of the ___ foramen, the ___ canal, & proximal to the departure of the nerve to the ___
plus loss of ___ secretion (tears) & loss of ___ on the palate
stylomastoid foramen
facial canal
stapedius
lacrimal secretion
taste
