The Nasal Cavities II

Question 1

nerves of the nasal cavities (3)

Answer 1

olfactory nerve
branches from the ophthalmic nerve
branches from the maxillary nerve

Question 2

nerves of the nasal cavities:

(symp/parasymp) innervation of mucous glands in the nasal cavities & paranasal air sinuses is by fibers associated w/ the ___ nerve & join branches of the ___ nerve in the ___ ganglion

Answer 2

parasympathetic
facial nerve
maxillary nerve
pterygopalatine ganglion

Question 3

nerves of the nasal cavities:
olfactory nerve:

axons of the olfactory neurons in the ___ pass superiorly in bundles through the ___ of the ___ bone & synapse in the ___ of the brain

Answer 3

olfactory epithelium
cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone
olfactory bulb

Question 4

nerves of the nasal cavities:

branches from the ophthalmic nerve (2)

Answer 4

anterior ethmoidal nerve

posterior ethmoidal nerve

Question 5

nerves of the nasal cavities:
branches from the ophthalmic nerve:
anterior ethmoidal nerve:

enters the ___ foramen

sends (sensory/motor) fibers to the ___ & ___ cells

Answer 5

anterior ethmoidal foramen
sensory
middle & anterior ethmoidal air cells

Question 6

nerves of the nasal cavities:
branches from the ophthalmic nerve:
anterior ethmoidal nerve:

enters the ___ cavity at the side of the ___ of the ___ bone & sends sensory fibers to the ___

next enters the ___ cavity through the ___

Answer 6

cranial cavity
cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone
meninges

nasal cavity
nasal slit

Question 7

nerves of the nasal cavities:
branches from the ophthalmic nerve:
anterior ethmoidal nerve:

within the nose, gives off sensory fibers to the anterior part of the ___ & anterior parts of the (medial/lateral) walls

leaves the nasal cavity as the ___ branch, which supplies the ___ of the lower half of the ___

Answer 7

nasal septum
lateral walls

external nasal branch
skin
nose

Question 8

nerves of the nasal cavities:
branches from the ophthalmic nerve:
posterior ethmoidal nerve:

enters the ___ foramen

sensory fibers to the ___ sinuses & the ___ cells

it normally does not enter the ___ cavities

Answer 8

posterior ethmoidal foramen

sphenoidal air sinuses
posterior ethmoidal air cells

nasal cavities

Question 9

nerves of the nasal cavities:

branches from the maxillary nerve (4)

the first three groups of branches originate in the ___ ganglion

Answer 9

• upper posterior nasal nerves
• nasopalatine nerve
• lower posterior nasal nerves
• branch from anterior superior alveolar branch of the infraorbital nerve

pterygopalatine ganglion

Question 10

nerves of the nasal cavities:
branches from the maxillary nerve:
upper posterior nasal nerves:

enter the nasal cavity via the ___ foramen

supply the posterior portions of the (medial/lateral) walls & the ___

Answer 10

sphenopalatine foramen

lateral walls
nasal septum

Question 11

nerves of the nasal cavities:
branches from the maxillary nerve:
nasopalatine nerve:

(smallest/largest) of the posterior nasal nerves

passes downward & forward along the ___ which it supplies & enters the ___ canal

terminates by supplying the mucosa immediately behind the ___ teeth

Answer 11

largest

nasal septum
incisive canal

incisor teeth

Question 12

nerves of the nasal cavities:
branches from the maxillary nerve:
lower posterior nasal nerves:

originate from the ___ nerve as it descends in the ___ canal

pass through small bony foramina to enter the ___ cavity & supply the lower posterior parts of the (medial/lateral) walls

Answer 12

greater palatine nerve
greater palatine canal

nasal cavity
lateral walls

Question 13

nerves of the nasal cavities:
branches from the maxillary nerve:
branch from anterior superior alveolar branch of the infraorbital nerve:

supplies the (medial/lateral) wall near the anterior end of the (superior/middle/inferior) nasal concha

Answer 13

lateral wall

inferior nasal concha

Question 14

paranasal sinuses (4)

Answer 14

frontal sinuses
maxillary sinuses
ethmoidal air cells
sphenoidal sinuses

Question 15

paranasal sinuses:

___ of the nasal cavity which grow into the surrounding ___

lined w/ ___ epithelium

Answer 15

diverticula
bones

respiratory epithelium

Question 16

paranasal sinuses:
relationship to the orbit:

superior: ___
inferior: ___
medial: ___
posterior: ___

Answer 16

frontal sinus
maxillary sinuses
ethmoid air cells
sphenoidal sinuses

Question 17

paranasal sinuses:
frontal sinuses:

posterior to the ___ arches & variable in size (one may be much larger than the other)

nerve supply (2)

blood supply (1)

Answer 17

superciliary arches

supraorbital nerve
orbital branches of the maxillary nerve

anterior ethmoidal arteries

Question 18

paranasal sinuses:
maxillary sinuses:

(smallest/largest) of the paranasal sinuses

lie in the ___ of the cheek

roots of the ___ may perforate the floor of the sinuses (dental infections may spread from a maxillary ___ to the maxillary ___ resulting in maxillary ___ )

Answer 18

largest

prominence

upper molars
maxillary molar
maxillary sinus
maxillary sinusitis

Question 19

paranasal sinuses:
maxillary sinuses:

when standing erect, impossible for the maxillary sinuses to ___ until nearly full

gravity drainage is best when lying on the (same/opposite) side of the affected sinus

note: all of the sinuses are lined by ___ epithelium & the ___ beat is toward the normal ostium of drainage

Answer 19

drain

opposite

ciliary epithelium
ciliary beat

Question 20

paranasal sinuses:
maxillary sinuses:

in sinusitis, the ciliary beat is not sufficient to ___ the sinuses & the ___ are often partly or completely closed by swelling of the mucous membrane

nerve supply (2)

blood supply (2)

Answer 20

empty
ostia

superior alveolar nerve
infraorbital nerve

superior alveolar artery
infraorbital artery

Question 21

paranasal sinuses:
ethmoidal air cells:

divided into three groups (3)

they collectively form the ___ b/n the orbits & the nasal cavities

severe infections of these cells may break through the fragile (lateral/medial) wall of the orbit causing damage to the ___ nerve, possible cause of blindness

Answer 21

anterior
middle
posterior

ethmoidal labyrinth

medial wall
optic nerve

Question 22

paranasal sinuses:
ethmoidal air cells:

nerve supply (3)

blood supply (2)

Answer 22

anterior ethmoidal nerve
posterior ethmoidal nerve
orbital branches of the maxillary nerve

anterior ethmoidal artery
posterior ethmoidal artery

Question 23

paranasal sinuses:
sphenoidal sinuses:

located within the body of the ___ bone

nerve supply (2)

blood supply (1)

Answer 23

sphenoid bone

posterior ethmoidal nerve
orbital branches of the maxillary nerve

posterior ethmoidal artery

Question 24

paranasal sinuses:
summary of drainage:
maxillary sinuses

Answer 24

middle meatus (hiatus semilunaris)

Question 25

paranasal sinuses:
summary of drainage:
frontal sinuses

Answer 25

middle meatus (infundibulum via the frontonasal duct)

Question 26

paranasal sinuses:
summary of drainage:
ethmoidal air cells:

anterior cells
middle cells
posterior cells

Answer 26

middle meatus (infundibulum)
middle meatus (top of ethmoid bulla)
superior meatus

Question 27

paranasal sinuses:
summary of drainage:
sphenoid sinuses

Answer 27

sphenoethmoidal recess

Question 28

paranasal sinuses:
summary of drainage:
nasolacrimal duct

Answer 28

inferior meatus