The Leg & Ankle Region I Flashcards
fascial compartments of the leg:
deep fascia of the leg (___ fascia) is continuous above w/ the deep fascia of the ___ (___)
below the tibial condyles, it’s strongly attached to the (anterior/posterior) & (medial/lateral) borders of the ___
crural fibers
thigh (fascia lata)
anterior & medial
tibia
fascial compartments of the leg:
___ septa, together w/ a strong ___ membrane, divide the leg into compartments (3)
like the thigh, each compartment has its own ___, ___, & ___
intermuscular septa
interosseous membrane
anterior
lateral
posterior
muscles
blood supply
nerve supply
interosseous membrane:
thin, but strong membrane connecting the ___ & ___ along their interosseous borders
a (small/large) opening exists in the upper part of the membrane to permit passage of the ___ vessels into the (anterior/posterior) compartment
a (small/large) opening exists in the lower part of the membrane for passage of the ___ branch of the ___ artery into the ___ compartment
tibia
fibula
large
anterior tibial vessels
anterior compartment
small
perforating branch of the fibular artery
anterior compartment
retinacula of the ankle:
in the region of the ankle joint, the ___ is thickened to form a series of retinacula, which serve to keep the ___ in position & act as modified ___
retinacula (3)
deep fascia
long tendons
pulleys
superior & inferior extensor retinacula
flexor retinaculum
superior & inferior fibular retinacula
compartment syndrome:
many sites in the body have muscle groups that are separated by ___ that are relatively non-distensible
increased pressure within these closed ___ spaces causes decreased ___ & ___ deprivation
___ damages cells in muscles, nerves, blood vessels, & supporting tissue matrix
results from damage from elevated tissue ___
fascial sheaths
myofascial spaces
perfusion
oxygen deprivation
anoxia
pressure
compartment syndrome:
common sites (5)
if untreated, permanent ___ damage may occur
fractures of the ___ & ___, ___ & ___ (& associated bleeding) are responsible for most cases
leg forearm foot hand thigh
tissue
tibia & fibula
radius & ulna
anterior compartment of leg:
muscles (4)
tibialis anteroir
extensor digitorum longus
extensor hallicus longus
fibularis tertius
anterior compartment of leg:
blood supply (1)
nerve supply(s)
group action(s)
anterior tibial artery
deep fibular nerve
dorsiflexion
anterior compartment of leg:
tibialis anterior:
nerve(s)
action(s)
deep fibular nerve
dorsiflexes & inverts foot
anterior compartment of leg:
extensor digitorum longus:
nerve(s)
action(s)
deep fibular nerve
dorsiflexes foot
extends lateral four toes
anterior compartment of leg:
extensor hallucis longus:
nerve(s)
action(s)
deep fibular nerve
extends great toe
dorsiflexes foot
anterior compartment of leg:
fibularis tertius:
nerve(s)
action(s)
partially separated portion of ___
deep fibular nerve
dorsiflexes & everts foot
extensor digitorum longus
anterior compartment of leg:
anterior tibial artery:
(smaller/larger) of the 2 terminal branches of the ___ artery
arises at the lower border of the ___ muscle
smaller
popliteal artery
popliteus
anterior compartment of leg:
anterior tibial artery:
passes through an opening in the interosseus membrane to enter the (anterior/posterior) compartment of the leg & descends on the (anterior/posterior) surface of the interosseous membrane accompanied by the ___ nerve
becomes the ___ artery at the level of the ___
anterior
anterior
deep fibular nerve
dorsalis pedis artery
ankle
anterior compartment of leg:
deep fibular nerve:
arises from the ___ nerve as it passes over the ___ within the substance of the ___ muscle
enters the (anterior/posterior) compartment & runs downward on the (anterior/posterior) surface of the interosseous membrane w/ the ___ artery
enters the ___ alongside the ___ artery
common fibular nerve
neck of the fibula
fibularis longus muscle
anterior
anterior
anterior tibial artery
foot
dorsalis pedis artery
lateral compartment of the leg:
muscles (2)
blood supply (1)
nerve(s)
group action(s)
fibularis longus
fibularis brevis
branches of the fibular (peroneal) artery
superficial fibular (peroneal) nerve
eversion
lateral compartment of the leg:
fibularis longus:
nerve(s)
action(s)
superficial fibular (peroneal) nerve
everts & plantar flexes foot
lateral compartment of the leg:
fibularis brevis:
nerve(s)
action(s)
superficial fibular (peroneal) nerve
everts & plantar flexes foot
lateral compartment of the leg:
common fibular nerve:
leaves the ___ fossa by crossing the lateral head of the ___ muscle
becomes subcutaneous as it winds around the ___ (vulnerable to damage in this region)
popliteal fossa
gastrocnemius muscle
neck of the fibula
lateral compartment of the leg:
common fibular nerve:
divides into ___ & ___ branches within the (medial/lateral) compartment in the substance of the ___ muscle
___ branch enters the anterior compartment
___ branch remains int he lateral compartment
superficial & deep
lateral
fibularis longus
deep
superficial
lateral compartment of the leg:
superficial fibular nerve:
descends in the (medial/lateral) compartment & first lies b/n the ___ & ___ muscles, then b/n the ___ & ___ muscles
pierces the ___ fascia & becomes subcutaneous in the ___
lateral
fibularis longus & brevis
fibularis brevis & extensor digitorum longus
deep fascia
distal third of leg
lateral compartment of the leg:
arteries:
there are no named arteries in the (medial/lateral) compartment of the leg except the muscular branches of the ___ artery
lateral
fibular