Peritoneum & Peritoneal Reflections Flashcards
adult GI tract is a ___ structure approximately ___ long
it is comprised of various ___ & ___ organs responsible for ___, ___, & ___
tubular, 27
primary, accessory, ingestion, digestion, absorption of food & nutrients
primary organs of GI tract (18)
oral cavity oropharynx laryngophrarynx esophagus stomach (greater & lesser curvatures) small intestine duodenum jejunum ileum colon/large intestine cecum vermiform appendix ascending colon transverse colon descending colon sigmoid colon rectum anal canal
esophagus penetrates diaphragm at ___ through the ___
T10
esophageal hiatus
duodenum:
___ long
1st part: ___
2nd part: ___
3rd part: ___
4th part: ___
25cm
superior
descending
horizontal
ascending-duodenojejunal junction
jejunum: about ___ long
ileum: about ___ long
2 meters
3 meters
accessory organs of GI tract (4)
liver & gall bladder
pancreas
spleen
peritoneum & the peritoneal reflections:
___ membrane linings of the ___ body cavity derived from visceral lateral plate ___ that connect & suspend most of the organs of the GI tract
serous
abdominal
mesoderm
peritoneum & the peritoneal reflections:
two layers:
___ layer that’s adhered to the ___
___ layer that is adhered to the ___
the space b/n the two layers forms the ___
parietal (wall), body wall
visceral (organ), organ or viscera
peritoneal cavity
peritoneum & the peritoneal reflections:
visceral peritoneum:
mesenteries:
two layers of visceral peritoneum that connect ___ to the ___
___ - forms loops of intestine to body wall
___ - from the appendix to the body wall
___ - from transverse colon to body wall
___ - from sigmoid colon to body wall
an organ, body wall
mesentery
mesoappendix
transverse mesocolon
sigmoid mesocolon
peritoneum & the peritoneal reflections:
visceral peritoneum:
visceral ligaments or omenta (aprons):
two layers of visceral peritoneum that connect ___ to ___
___ omentum (___ ligament)
___ omentum (___ & ___ ligaments)
___ ligament
___ ligament ( w/ right & left ___ ligaments)
___ ligament
___ (___) ligament
two organs, each other
greater, gastrocolic
lesser, hepatogastric, hepatoduodenal
falciform
coronary, triangular
gastrosplenic
splenorenal, lienorenal
peritoneum & the peritoneal reflections:
visceral peritoneum:
peritoneal sacs:
spaces in ___ cavity
___ sac or bursa - cavity in the abdomen that is formed by the ___
___ sac or bursa - cavity in the abdomen that’s inside the ___ but outside of the ___
communicate w/ each other through the ___
periotoneal
lesser omental, lesser & greater omentum
greater omental, peritoneum, lesser sac
epiploic foramen (foramen of Winslow)
embryonic development of the gut & peritoneum:
craniocaudal & lateral trunk folding of the embryo:
___ days
folding traps the ___ & ___ in the embryo which forms the ___ & ___
~26
yolk sac, intraembryonic coelom, body cavities, GI tract
embryonic development of the gut & peritoneum:
the result of craniocaudal & lateral trunk folding of the embryo is a ___ suspended by dorsal & ventral ___ connected to the body wall separated by ___
the primitive ___ will form adult derivatives:
___ derivatives
___ derivatives
long gut tube, mesenteries, two coelomic cavities
mesenteries
ventral
dorsal
embryonic development of the gut & peritoneum:
ventral mesentary derivatives:
___ ligament
___ ligament w/ the right & left ___ ligaments
___ omentum (___ & ___ ligs)
coronary
falciform, triangular
lesser, hepatogastric, hepatoduodenal
embryonic development of the gut & peritoneum:
dorsal mesentery derivatives:
___ omentum (___ ligament)
___ ligament
___ ligament
mesentery of the ___
___
___ mesocolon
___ mesocolon
greater, gastrocolic
splenorenal
gastrosplenic
small intestine
mesoappendix
transverse
sigmoid
embryonic development of the gut & peritoneum:
gut tube derivatives:
the primitive gut is divided into ___ regions along the ___
each region has its own ___ supply & gives rise to ___, ___, & ___
four, midline
arterial, organs, glands, other parts of the GI tract
embryonic development of the gut & peritoneum:
gut tube derivatives:
pharyngeal gut:
region from the ___ membrane to ___
part of the ___ cavity
___ & derivatives of the ___ arches
___, ___, & ___
buccopharyngeal, tracheal diverticulum
oral
pharynx, pharyngeal
larynx, treachea, lungs
embryonic development of the gut & peritoneum:
gut tube derivatives:
foregut:
all structures supplied by the ___ artery
___
___ (gaster)
1st and 2nd parts of the ___
___
___ (hepar)
___
celiac
esophagus
stomach
duodenum
pancreas
liver
gall bladder
embryonic development of the gut & peritoneum:
gut tube derivatives:
midgut:
all structures supplied by the ___ artery
3rd & 4th parts of the ___
___ & ___
___ & ___ appendix
___ colon
proximal 2/3 of ___ colon
superior mesenteric
duodenum
jejunum, ilium
cecum, vermiform
ascending
transverse
embryonic development of the gut & peritoneum:
gut tube derivatives:
hindgut:
all structures supplied by the ___ artery
distal 1/3 of ___ colon
___ & ___ colon
___
proximal portion of ___
inferior mesenteric
transverse
descending, sigmoid
rectum
anal canal
embryonic development of the gut & peritoneum:
rotation of the embryonic gut:
about 35 days prenatally, the embryonic foregut & midgut regions grow very ___ & rotate in a ___ & ___ manner
90 degree ___ rotation of the embryonic ___ towards the right side
- brings the ___ & ___ to the right side & as a result forms the ___ & ___ sacs or bursae
270 degree ___ rotation of the embryonic ___
- this action frames the GI tract by the ___ & brings the ___ & ___ to the lower right quadrant
rapidly, longitudinal, counterclockwise
longitudinal, foregut
- liver, stomach
- greater, lesser omental
counterclockwise, midgut
- large intestine, cecum, appendix
adult peritoneal relationships:
intraperitoneal structures:
organs or structures that are suspended or covered by ___ or ___ (10)
visceral ligaments, mesentery
stomach spleen pancreas (tail) liver gall bladder duodenum (1st part) small intestines from duodenal-jejunal flexure to ileocecal junction cecum & appendix transverse colon sigmoid colon
adult peritoneal relationships:
retroperitoneal structures:
organs or structures that are outside the ___ & only covered on one side side (or not at all) by ___
two retroperitoneal structures: ___ & ___
peritoneal cavity, visceral peritoneum
primary, secondary
adult peritoneal relationships:
primary retroperitoneal structures:
structures that developed ___ in the peritoneal cavity (4)
never
kidneys
aorta, IVC
anal canal
urinary bladder
adult peritoneal relationships:
secondary retroperitoneal structures:
structures that developed ___ but during development were forced out of the ___ & fused to the ___ (6)
this process is called ___
intraperitoneally, peritoneal cavity, parieta (body wall)
liver/bare area duodenum (2nd, 3rd, & 4th parts) pancreas (head & body) ascending colon descending colon rectum
fusion fascia
greater omentum:
a large fold of ___ peritoneum that hangs down from the ___
it extends from the ___ curvature of the ___, passing in front of the ___ and reflects on itself to ascend to the ___ before reaching to the ___ wall
___ ligament connects ___ & ___
visceral, stomach
greater, stomach
small intestines
transverse colon
posterior abdominal
gastrocolic, stomach, colon
lesser omentum:
a double layer of ___ peritoneum that extends from the ___ to the ___ curvature of the ___ and the start of the ___
___ ligament connects ___ & ___
___ ligament connects ___ & ___
visceral
liver
lesser, stomach
duodenum
hepatogastric, liver, stomach
hepatoduodenal, liver, duodenum
falciform ligament:
attaches the ___ to the ___
separates the ___ from the ___
liver
anterior body wall
right lobe of the liver
left lobe of the liver
coronary ligament:
attaches the ___ to the ___
liver
inferior surface of the diaphragm
right triangular ligament:
situated at the ___ extremity of the ___
small fold which passes to the ___
formed by the apposition of the upper and lower layers of the ___ ligament
right
bare area
diaphragm
coronary
left triangular ligament:
connects the ___ part of the ___ surface of the ___ lobe of the ___ to the ___
its anterior layer is continuous with the left layer of the ___ ligament
posterior upper left liver diaphragm
falciform
bare area:
a large triangular surface of the ___ devoid of ___ covering
lies between the two layers of the ___ ligament
liver
peritoneal
coronary
gastrosplenic ligament:
attaches the ___ to the ___
stomach
spleen
splenorenal (lienorenal) ligament:
attaches the ___ to the ___
spleen
kidney
