Introduction to the Cranial Nerves Flashcards
___ sets of cranial nerves exit foramina of the skull
like the spinal nerves, they are part of the ___ system
by convention, they’re designated by roman numerals ___a
12
peripheral nervous
I - XII
cranial nerve I (___) is associated w/ the ___
cranial nerve II (___) develops from the ___
all the rest are associated w/ the ___
olfactory
telencephalon
optic
diencephalon
brainstem
midbrain cranial nerves (2)
CN III (oculomotor) CN IV (trochlear)
pons cranial nerves (4)
CN V (trigeminal) CN VI (abducens) CN VII (facial) CN VIII (vestibulocochlear)
medulla oblongata cranial nerves (4)
CN IX (glossopharyngeal) CN X (vagus) CN XI (accessory) CN XII (hypoglossal)
cranial nerves III, VII, IX, & X contain (preganglionic/postganglionic) (sympathetic/parasympathetic) fibers
preganglionic
parasympathetic
the cell bodies of all general sensory neurons (___ neurons) are located in the ganglia of the following cranial nerves (4)
pseudounipolar
(V) trigeminal nerve
(VII) facial nerve
(IX) glossopharyngeal nerve
(X) vagus nerve
the cell bodies of taste neurons (___ neurons) are located in the ganglia of the following cranial nerves (3)
pdeudounipolar
(VII) facial nerve
(IX) glossopharyngeal nerve
(X) vagus nerve
the cell bodies of motor neurons (___ neurons) are located in separate & discrete units called ___ within the ___
multipolar
nuclei
brainstem
the ___ nerves innervate all of the structures derived from the branchial arches
branchiomeric cranial
the branchiomeric cranial nerves innervate all of the structures derived from the ___
branchial arches
branchiomeric cranial nerves & corresponding branchial arches (5)
trigeminal nerve (V) - branchial arch 1 facial nerve (VII) - branchial arch 2 glossopharyngeal nerve (IX) - branchial arch 3 vagus nerve (X) - branchial arches 4-6 accessory nerve (XI) - branchila arches beyond 6?
the skeletal muscles derived from somites are innervated by ___ nerves & some of the ___ nerves & are said to be innervated by (somatic/visceral) (sensory/motor) fibers (___)
the skeletal muscles derived from branchial arches & innervated by the a branchiomeric cranial nerves are said to be innervated by ___ (sensory/motor) fibers (___)
spinal
cranial
somatic motor fibers (general somatic efferent)
branchial motor fibers (special visceral efferent)
oculomotor nerve (III):
cranial nerve
ganglion
target structures (2)
parasympathetic (motor) root of the ciliary ganglion (preganglionic fibers)
ciliary ganglion (postganglionic fibers)
ciliary muscle
sphincter of the pupil
facial nerve (VII) (nervus intermedius portion):
cranial nerve (g)
ganglion
target structures (3)
greater petrosal nerve (preganglionic fibers)
pterygopalatine ganglion (postganglionic fibers)
lacrimal gland
nasal glands
palatine glands
facial nerve (VII) (nervus intermedius portion):
cranial nerve (c)
ganglion
target structures (3)
chorda tympani nerve (preganglionic fibers)
submandibular ganglion (postganglionic fibers)
submandibular gland
sublingual gland
lingual glands
glossopharyngeal nerve (IX):
cranial nerve
ganglion
target structure (1)
lesser petrosal nerve (preganglionic fibers)
otic ganglion (postganglionic fibers)
parotid gland
olfactory nerve (CN I):
primitive (sensory/motor) nerve containing specialized (unipolar/bipolar) neurons in the ___ mucosa
bundles of axons from these neurons constitute olfactory nerves which proceed through the ___ plate of the ___ bone & end in the ___ of the (forebrain/midbrain/hindbrain)
contains special (sensory/motor) fibers for ___
sensory
bipolar
olfactory
cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone
olfactory bulb
forebrain
sensory
smell
optic nerve (CN II):
travels through the ___ along w/ the ___ artery
contains special (sensory/motor) fibers for ___
optic canal
ophthalmic
sensory
sight
oculomotor nerve (CN III):
contains (somatic/visceral) (sensory/motor) & (sympathetic/parasympathetic) fibers
emerges from the ventral aspect of the (forebrain/midbrain/hindbrain) & proceeds through the lateral wall of the ___ sinus & enters the orbit through the ___ fissure where it immediately divides into two divisions (2)
somatic motor
parasympathetic
midbrain
cavernous
superior orbital
superior
inferior
oculomotor nerve (CN III):
muscles that the superior division supplies (2)
levator palpebrae superioris
superior rectus eye
oculomotor nerve (CN III):
muscles that the inferior division supplies (3)
medial rectus eye
inferior rectus eye
inferior oblique eye
oculomotor nerve (CN III):
the only ocular muscles not supplied by the oculomotor nerve (2)
superior oblique (CN IV) lateral rectus (CN VI)
oculomotor nerve (CN III):
the preganglionic parasympathetic fibers of the oculomotor nerve travel w/ the ___ division & depart from it as the (sympathetic/parasympathetic) (sensory/motor) root of the ___ ganglion
these fibers synapse w/ (preganglionic/postganglionic) (sympathetic/parasympathetic) neurons in the ___ ganglion
inferior
parasympathetic
motor
ciliary
postganglionic
parasympathetic
ciliary
oculomotor nerve (CN III):
postganglionic parasympathetic fibers depart from the ciliary ganglion within the ___ nerves & proceed to the eyeball where they supply:
- ___ muscle (involved in accommodation of the lens for near vision)
- ___ (which controls the amount of light entering the eye)
short ciliary
- ciliary
- sphincter of the pupil
oculomotor nerve (CN III):
the antagonist of the sphincter of the pupil is the ___ which is supplied by (preganglionic/postganglionic) (sympathetic/parasympathetic) fibers arising from the ___ ganglion
dilator of the pupil
postganglionic
sympathetic
superior cervical