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Anatomy > Joints of the Lower Limb II > Flashcards

Joints of the Lower Limb II Flashcards

1
Q

the knee joint:
the menisci:

wedge-shaped semilunar pieces of ___

attached to the ___ area of the ___ medially

attached to the ___ laterally

A

fibrocartilage

interocondylar area of the tibia

fibrous capsule

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2
Q 
the knee joint:
cruciate ligaments (2)
A

anterior

posterior

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3
Q

the knee joint:
anterior cruciate ligament:

attached to the ___ area of the ___

passes upward, backward, & laterally to be attached to the (anterior/posterior) part of the (medial/lateral) surface of the ___

A

anterior intercondylar area of the tibia

posterior part
medial surface
lateral femoral condyle

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4
Q

the knee joint:
anterior cruciate ligament:

extended leg: prevents (anterior/posterior) displacement of the ___

flexed leg: prevents (anterior/posterior) displacement of the ___

A

posterior
femur on tibia

anterior
tibia

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5
Q

the knee joint:
posterior cruciate ligament:

attached to the ___ area of the ___

passes upward, forward, & medially to be attached to the (anterior/posterior) part of the (medial/lateral) surface of the ___

A

posterior intercondylar area of the tibia

anterior part
lateral surface
medial femoral condyle

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6
Q

the knee joint:
posterior cruciate ligament:

extended leg: prevents (anterior/posterior) displacement of the ___

flexed leg: prevents (anterior/posterior) displacement of the ___

A

anterior
femur on the tibia

posterior
tibia

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7
Q

the knee joint:
extension of the leg:

round ___ role forward like wheel on the ground

___ ligament becomes tensed which inhibits forward movement of the ___

A

femoral condyles

posterior cruciate ligament
femur

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8
Q

the knee joint:
extension of the leg:

further extension of the leg is accompanied by ___ of the ___

results in tightening of all of the ligaments & knee becomes a mechanically rigid structure: “___”

A

medial rotation of the femur

“screwing home movement”

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9
Q

the knee joint:
flexion of the leg:

ligaments must first be (tensed/relaxed)

accomplished by the ___ muscle (laterally rotates the femur or medially rotates the tibia): “___”

A

relaxed

popliteus muscle
“unlocking the knee joint”

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10
Q

muscles for movements of the knee joint:

flexion (6)

A 
biceps femoris
semitendinosus
semimembranosus
gracilis
sartorius
popliteus
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11
Q

muscles for movements of the knee joint:

extension (1)

A

quadriceps femoris

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12
Q 
muscles for movements of the knee joint:
medial rotation (4)
A

sartorius
gracilis
semitendinosus
semimembranosus

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13
Q 
muscles for movements of the knee joint:
lateral rotation (1)
A

biceps femoris

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14
Q

damage to the knee joint:

tears of the ___ ligament are common when excessive force is applied to the joint

often accompanied by damage to other knee structures (2)

tears of the ___ are much less common

A

anterior cruciate ligament

tibial collateral ligament
medial meniscus

posterior cruciate ligament

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15
Q

damage to the knee joint:

w/ a torn anterior cruciate ligament, the tibia can be pulled excessively (forward/backward) on the femur when the leg is flexed at the knee joint: “___”

w/ a torn posterior cruciate ligament, the tibia can be pulled excessively (forward/backward) on the femur when the leg is flexed at the knee joint: “___”

A

forward
“anterior drawer sign”

backward
“posterior drawer sign”

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16
Q

damage to the knee joint:

the medial meniscus is damaged much (more/less) frequently than the lateral meniscus owing to its (strong/weak) attachment tot he ___ ligament

A

more
strong
tibial collateral ligament

17
Q

damage to the knee joint:

“unhappy triad of knee injuries” (3)

common injury in ___

A

tearing of tibial collateral ligament
tearing of medial meniscus
tearing of anterior cruciate ligament

football

18
Q

ankle joint:

articulations (2)

allows ___ & ___

most stabile during ___

A

distal ends of tibia & fibula (plus malleoli)
trochlea of talus

dorsiflexion
plantar flexion

dorsiflexion

19
Q

ankle joint:

ligaments (2)

A

medial (deltoid) ligament

lateral ligament

20
Q

ankle joint:
medial (deltoid) ligament:

(stronger/weaker) than other ankle joint ligament

A

stronger

21
Q

ankle joint:
lateral ligament:

(stronger/weaker) than other ankle joint ligament

consists of three bands (3)

A

weaker

anterior talofibular ligament
calcaneofibular
posterior talofibular

22
Q

ankle joint:
lateral ligament:
three bands:

anterior talofibular ligament: ___ to ___

calcaneofibular: ___ to ___

posterior talofibular: ___ to ___

A

lateral malleolus to talus

lateral malleolus to calcaneous

lateral malleolus to talus

23
Q

movements of the ankle joint:

dorsiflexion (4)

A

tibialis anterior
extensor hallucis lingus
extensor digitorum longus
fibularis tertius

24
Q 
movements of the ankle joint:
plantar flexion (8)
A 
gastrocnemius
soleus
plantaris
fibularis longus
fibularis brevis
tibialis posterior
flexor digitorum longus
flexor hallucis longus
25
Q

damage to the ankle joint:

___ sprains of the (medial/lateral) ankle

usually result from excessive ___ of the foot w/ ___ of the ankle

the ___ ligament is usually torn

the ___ ligament may also be torn

A

acute
lateral

inversion
plantar flexion

anterior talofibular ligament

calcaneofibular ligament

26
Q

transverse tarsal joint & subtalar joints:

transverse tarsal joints refer to the ___ & ___ joints together

subtalar joint is the joint b/n the ___ & ___

main joints responsible for ___ & ___ of the ___

A

talocalcaneonavicular & clacaneocuboid joints

talus & calcaneus

eversion & inversion of the foot

27
Q

arches of the foot:

medial longitudinal arches (5)

A 
calcaneus
talus
navicular
three cuneiforms
medial three metatarsals
28
Q

arches of the foot:

lateral longitudinal arches (3)

A

calcaneus
cuboid
lateral two metatarsals

29
Q

arches of the foot:

transverse arches

A

cuboid
three cuneiforms
bases of the medial three metatarsals

30
Q 
maintenance of the integrity of the arches of the foot:
main supports (4)
A 
plantar calcaneonavicular ("spring") ligament
long plantar ligament
short plantar ligament
plantar aponeurosis
31
Q 
maintenance of the integrity of the arches of the foot:
plantar calcaneonavicular ("spring") ligament:

___ to ___

A

sustentaculaum tali to navicular bone

32
Q

maintenance of the integrity of the arches of the foot:
long plantar ligament:

___ to ___

A

calcaneus to cuboid

33
Q

maintenance of the integrity of the arches of the foot:
short plantar ligament:

___ to ___

A

calcaneus to cuboid

Anatomy (66 decks)

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