T Cell mediated Immunity- Activation of T cells Flashcards
Do effector or memory T cells die once the infection is gone?
Effector T cell
What 2 events are needed move the naive T cell to proliferation and eventually differentiation?
Antigen recognition and cytokine secretion
Antigen recognition needs to be aided by _____ in order to move the T cell activation process along
Costimulation
______ molecules on T cells stabilize binding to APCs
Adhesion
What is the integrin protein used as an adhesion molecule in activation of T cells?
LFA-1
What is the ligand used as an adhesion molecule in activation of T cells?
ICAM-1
The interaction of what 2 things are essential for naive T cells to secrete cytokines?
CD28 and B7
If there is no B7 bound to CD28, what is the T cell response?
No cytokines released, so no response or tolerance
What are the 2 inhibitory receptors of t cell activation?
CTLA-4 and PD-1
_____ that engulf virus infected cells (source of class II MHC peptides) and also are infected themselves (source of class I MHC peptides) will have antigens presented by both class I and II MHC molecules.
APCs
APCs that engulf virus infected cells (source of class II MHC peptides) and also are infected themselves engage what type of T cell?
CD4 and CD8
Which T cell helps to activate the other in the case of an APC that is infected with virus that has been engulfed?
CD4 T cell activates CD8
What receptor decreases the effector functions of T cells?
CTLA-4
_____ is the portion between the APC and T cell where cytokines stimulate activity in T cell membrane
Immunological synapse
What are 2 drugs used to prevent graft rejection that act on the signal transduction pathway in T cells?
Cyclosporine and Rapamycin
Most activation and inactivation in T cell occurs via what 2 processes?
Phosphorylation and de-phosphorylation
Are TCR binding complexes membrane bound or cytoplasmic?
Both
What types of antigens bind to TCR?
Protein antigens
Principal function of ____ is survival and proliferation of antigen-specific T cells
IL-2
What subunit that bonds to the T cell in the IL-2 receptor makes the complex much more useful and beneficial?
Alpha subunit
______ cells remain in lymphoid organ and migrate into follicles; help b cells to produce high-affinity antibodies
Follicular helper t cells (Tfh)
Subsets of CD4+ T cells are distinguished by their _____ profiles:
cytokine
______ ligands are only expressed on activated T cells
CD40L
The roles of ______ are:
- macrophage activation and killing of phagocytosed microbes
- secretion of antibodies with enhanced abilities to neutralize and eliminate antigens
CD40L
What 3 types of things are necessary for exit from lymph tissue and important for naive T cells in lymph node to interact with lymphoid endothelium to migrate into lymphoid organ?
Selectin
integrin
Chemokine receptor
Which selectin is necessary for naive T cells in lymph node to interact with lymphoid endothelium to migrate into lymphoid organ?
L selectin
Which 2 selectins are necessary for t cell exit from lymph tissue?
E and P selectin
Which integrin is necessary for naive T cells in lymph node to interact with lymphoid endothelium to migrate into lymphoid organ?
LFA-1
Which 2 integrins are necessary for t cell exit from lymph tissue?
LFA-1 or VLA-4
Which chemokine receptor is necessary for naive T cells in lymph node to interact with lymphoid endothelium to migrate into lymphoid organ?
CCR7
Which chemokine receptor is necessary for t cell exit from lymph tissue?
CXCR3
Does exit or entry by a t cell into or out of lymph node dependent on antigen recognition and more dependent on costimulation?
Entry
