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Microbiology > Parasite's Way of life > Flashcards

Parasite's Way of life Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are the 6 ways a parasite works to maintain vitality?

A
  1. Surface colonization
  2. Finding a nutritionally compatible niche
  3. Surviving host defenses
  4. Intracellular life
  5. Subverting host immune responses
  6. Transmission to a new host
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2
Q

Preference of bacteria for particular locations in body bacteria vary in specificity = tissue tropism

A

Surface colonization

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3
Q

Surface colonization is associated with ______ on bacterium

A

Adhesins

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4
Q

Surface colonization is associated with ______ on host cell

A

Receptors

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5
Q

On gram _____ bacteria, bacterial proteins on the tips of fimbriae and/or pili often interact with glycolipids and/or glycoproteins of host epithelial cells

A

Negative

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6
Q

On gram neg bacteria, bacterial proteins on the tips of _____ and/or ____ often interact with glycolipids and/or glycoproteins of host epithelial cells

A

fimbriae and/or pili

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7
Q

On gram neg bacteria, bacterial proteins on the tips of fimbriae and/or pili often interact with _____ and/or ____ of host epithelial cells

A

glycolipids and/or glycoproteins

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8
Q

(gram neg) _______ (bacterial proteins at the the cell surface) interact with their own translocated intimin receptor (TIR)

A

Intimins

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9
Q

gram-_______ bacteria (e.g. Staphylococcus aureus)often bind host fibronectin(epithelial cells), which binds to integrins

A

gram positive

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10
Q

gram-positive bacteria (e.g. Staphylococcus aureus)often bind host fibronectin(epithelial cells), which binds to ______

A

integrins

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11
Q

gram-positive bacteria (e.g. Staphylococcus aureus)often bind host _______ (epithelial cells), which binds to integrins

A

fibronectin

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12
Q

___________ = subclass of a large family of bacterial adhesins referred to as Microbial Surface Components Recognizing Adhesive Matrix Molecules or MSCRAMMS

A

fibronectin binding proteins

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13
Q

fibronectin binding proteins = subclass of a large family of bacterial adhesins referred to as ___________

A

Microbial Surface Components Recognizing Adhesive Matrix Molecules or MSCRAMMS

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14
Q

Besides fibronectin, what are the 2 other MSCRAMM targets?

A

Fibrinogen and collagen

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15
Q

many individuals in poor health are ______ deficient

-balance shifts in favors of gram negatives e.g. greater incidence of pneumonias caused by gram-negative bacteria

A

fibronectin-deficient

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16
Q

(= bacterial adhesins) contain a domain of hundreds of alternating serine residues
-Extend a unique non-repeat (NR) domain that mediates adhesion

A

serine rich repeat proteins (SRRPs)

17
Q

______ domain binds sialic acid moieties, keratin, and other domains of a similar SRRP

A

NR (non repeat domains)

18
Q

Way a parasite works to maintain vitality?

  • Intermittent availability of food for some bacteria e.g. intestinal bacteria
  • Adaptation to particular location
A

Finding a nutritionally compatible niche

19
Q

____ is an opsonin and part of C3 convertase (alt. pathway) and C5 convertase

A

C3b

20
Q

Which complement pathway deals with antibodies?

A

Classical pathways

21
Q

____ production in surviving host defenses decreases neutrophil aggregation

A

C5a peptidase

22
Q

__________: (part of surviving host defenses)
inhibiting phagocyte recruitment and function
-C5a peptidase production (see figure)
-Increasing cAMP to inhibitory levels

A

Subverting phagocytosis

23
Q

_______: enzymes that; compromises internal membrane structure that kills phagocytes

A

Leukocidins

24
Q

_______: (Staphylococci and Streptococci)

  • expressed on bacterial cell surface
  • binds Fc portion of IgG (wrong end)
  • these bound antibodies cannot act as opsonins
A

protein A

25
Q

Surviving inside _________ includes:
-inhibit lysosomal fusion with phagosome
-escape into the cytoplasm(form pores in phagosome)
-resist lysosomal enzymes
-inhibit phagocyte’s oxidative pathway (respiratory
burst)

A

surviving inside phagocytes

26
Q

Penetration of ______ host cells:
-Some bacteria enter host cells by stimulating host cell
membrane protrusion

A

nonphagocytic

27
Q

_______: (bacterial proteins at the the cell surface) interact with host E-cadherin

A

internalins

28
Q

internalins(bacterial proteins at the the cell surface) interact with host ________

A

E-cadherin

29
Q

______ (bacterial proteins at the the cell surface) interact with host integrins

A

invasins

30
Q

invasins(bacterial proteins at the the cell surface) interact with host _______

A

integrins

31
Q

Parasites intracellularly is dependent upon ______ for motility and spread intracellularly

A

Actin

32
Q

What are the 4 ways parasites subvert immune responses?

A

immunosuppression
superantigens (diverting lymphocyte function)
changing antigenic coats
proteolysis of antibodies

33
Q

_______ subvert the immune response by changing the specificity of T cell activation process

A

Superantigens

34
Q

Superantigens subvert the immune response by changing the specificity of ______ activation process

A

T cell

35
Q

Transmission to a new host happens via what 3 ways?

A

Sneezing/coughing
Diarrhea
Insects

Microbiology (46 decks)

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