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Microbiology > Fungi 1 > Flashcards

Fungi 1 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Eukaryotes
Spore-forming
No chlorophyll

A

Fungi

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2
Q

What are the oxygen requirement of must fungi?

A

Aerobic

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3
Q

Cell walls of fungi usually contain ______ -polysaccharide containingN-acetyl-glucosamine (NAG)

A

chitin

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4
Q 
\_\_\_\_\_\_ growth form of fungi:
threadlike filaments =hyphae
mycelium = mass of hyphae
septate vs. coenocytichyphae (with and without crosswalls)
grow by extension of tip and branching
A

Filamentous

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5
Q

______ growth form of fungi:
single cells (ovoid or spherical)
reproduce asexually by cell division (budding)
sexually by cell fusion and spore formation

A
  1. unicellular (yeasts
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6
Q

_____ reproduction includes cell division budding/ transverse division as well as spore formation

A

Asexual reproduction

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7
Q

_____ reproduction of fungi involves production of“sexual spores”by meiosis of a diploid cell

A

sexual reproduction

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8
Q

_______:form producing asexualspores,often mold-like growth form

A

Anamorph

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9
Q

________: form producing sexualspores,typically a fruiting body

A

Teleomorph

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10
Q

_______ -ability to grow as yeast form or mold form

A

dimorphism

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11
Q

many pathogenic fungi are _____

A

dimorphic

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12
Q

Which fungi is mentioned as being able to live in and outside of the body?

A

Candida

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13
Q

______ actually forms pseudohyphae and pseudomycelia

A

Candida

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14
Q

-hyphal growth is a modified budding where newly budded cells remain attached to mother cell

A

pseudohyphae

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15
Q

some pathogenic fungi are not dimorphic including what 2 fungi?

A

Aspergillus-mold from only

Cryptococcusneoformans-yeast form only

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16
Q

______-fungal infections

Classified by affected area of body

A

Mycoses

17
Q

Primary mechanisms for fighting fungi is:

A

:Neutrophil phagocytosis and killing T cell-mediated immunity

18
Q

keratinized outer layers of skin, hair, and nails
Mild infections/minimal inflammatory response
Easy to treat or clears without treatment
most occur in tropics
Include Piedras and Tineas

A

Superficial mycoses

19
Q

: infections of hair shaft

-Trichosporon beigelii

A

Piedras

20
Q 
infections involving outer layers of skin, nails, and hair
Malassezia furfur (skin)Pityriasis versicolor
A

Tineas

21
Q

Disease found worldwide
Pigmented macules -not elevated but altered color
Human-to-human transmission

A

Pityriasis (tinea) versicolor

22
Q

What is the agent of Pityriasis (tinea) versicolor?

A

(Malassezia furfur)

23
Q

_______:
keratinized outer layers of skin, hair, and nailsSkin infections: no invasion beyond stratum corneum (outermost layer of epidermis)
BUT a more apparent host response is elicited (unlike superficial mycoses)
Person-to person transmission
Some are soil organisms
Others are zoonoses
Diagnosis by microscopy of samples

A

Cutaneous mycoses

24
Q 
The following are classified as \_\_\_\_\_\_\_:
Microsporum
Trichophyton
Epidermophyton
Keratinophilic and keratinolytic
A

“Dermaphytes”`

25
Q 
Cause tineas (”ringworm")
Tinea pedis = athlete's foot
Tinea cruris = jock itch
Characterized by inflammation ring of inflammatory scaling
A

Cutaneous mycoses

26
Q

_______
dermis and subcutaneous tissue
Do not respond well to antifungal chemotherapy
Need to excise

A

Subcutaneous mycoses

27
Q

Sporothrix schenkii
Thorns and splinters
Responds to oral potassium iodide
(Subcutaneous mycoses)

A

Sporotrichosis

28
Q

:invade internal organs caused by endemic dimorphic fungal pathogens

A

Systemic mycoses

29
Q

-organism living on dead or decaying matter

A

saprobe

30
Q

Histoplasma capsulatum is the agent of _________

A

Histoplasmosis

31
Q

Blastomyces dermatitidis the agent of _________

A

Blastomycosisis

32
Q

Coccidioides immitis is the agent of _________

A

Coccidioidomycosis

33
Q

Bird or bat droppings (high nitrogen content)

Acquire fungus by inhalation of conidia

A

Histoplasma capsulatum

34
Q

Organism remains viable within macrophages modulate pH of phagolysosome
Antibody plays no role in resolution
Cell-mediated immune system of CD4 T lymphocytes and activated macrophages are important for immunity
Primary infections most often asymptomatic
Granulomas develop in lung with caseous necrosis (plus calcification)
reactivation infection can occur years later
3-12 months of antifungal agent

A

Histoplasma capsulatum

35
Q

Coccidioidomycosis: what is the yeast form of this?

A

Spherule

36
Q

Found in decaying matter (e.g leave litter)

Acquire fungus by inhalation of conidia

A

Blastomyces dermatiditis

37
Q

Cell-mediated immune system of CD4 T lymphocytes and activated macrophages are important for immunity
Primary infections symptomatic in <50% of patients
Granulomas develop with caseous necrosis (plus calcification)reactivation infection can occur years later
Cutaneous lesions are a hallmark of disease heaped up borders and small, central microabscesses
Diagnosis: histopathological examination (thick-walled yeasts with single broad-based bud)
Treatment; 6-12 months of antifungal agent

A

Blastomyces dermatiditis

38
Q

Southwestern USA = lower Sonoran life zone
Huge “blooms”
Lung is primary target but the fungus spreads through the circulatory system and infects many organs
Usually no symptoms -cell-mediated immunity
Sometimes
acute pulmonary infection
arthralgias and skin lesions“desert rheumatism”or “valley fever”
Disseminated coccidioidomycosis
chronic meningitis -fatal if not treated (lifelong)
Diagnosis:histopathology -presence of spherules
Treatment- 12-24 months

A

Coccidioides immitis

Microbiology (46 decks)

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