Immunological tolerance

Question 1

A healthy immune system is able to discriminate between self and nonself antigens only mount full response to nonself antigens
failure to prevent a response to self antigens results in _____.

Answer 1

autoimmunity

Question 2

A healthy immune system is able to discriminate commensal from non-commensal microbes
only mount full response to non-commensal microbes
failure to prevent a response to commensal
microbes results in _____ ______.

Answer 2

chronic inflammation.

Question 3

What cells are involved in the negative selection (deletion) mechanism of central T lymphocyte tolerance?

Answer 3

CD4+
CD8+
T cells

Question 4

What cells are involved in the development of regulatory T cells?

Answer 4

CD4+ and T cells

Question 5

1. TCR does not send activating signal

2. T cell engages an inhibitory CD 4+ and CD8+ T cells receptor (CTLA-4 or PD-1)

Answer 5

Anergy

Question 6

Regulatory T cells develop in the______ or peripheral tissues on recognition of self antigens and suppress the activation of lymphocytes that also recognize these self antigens

Answer 6

thymus

Question 7

1. Cytokine signaling inhibits activation of target cells
2. CTLA-4 expression remove B7 from APCs
3. High amount of IL-2 receptor depletes IL-2 in local area.

Answer 7

Mechanism of Regulatory T cell immune response suppression.

Question 8

What are the mechanisms of central B Lymphocyte tolerance?

Answer 8

Non-self reactive B cell

Deletion (apoptosis)

Anergic B cell

Question 9

What are the mechanisms of peripheral B lymphocyte tolerance?

Answer 9

Anergy

deletion (apoptosis)

Regulation by inhibitory recpetors

Question 10

What are three mechanisms that are known to possible promote autoimmunity?

Answer 10

Self-tolerance

Induction of costimulators on APCs

Molecular mimicry