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Microbiology > Streptococcus > Flashcards

Streptococcus Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

T/F: Streptococcus is a gram + bacteria

A

true

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2
Q

Streptococcus pyogenes _____ -forming

A

pus

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3
Q

Some streptococci are typically seen as diplo-cocci: _____ _____.

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae

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4
Q

_-______on blood-agar plates causes clearing at and around colonies in Streptococcus pyogenes.

A

B-hemolysis

beta

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5
Q

_-_______ shows greening due to partial lysis of erythrocytes in S.mitis and S.pneumoniae.

A

a-hemolysis

alpha

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6
Q

a-hemolysis (alpha) is associated with what two bacteria?

A

S.mitis and

S.pneumoniae

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7
Q

B-hemolysis (beta) is associated with what bacteria?

A

Streptococcus pyogenes.

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8
Q

_______ degrades hemoglobin turning it to a green hue.

A

pneumolysin

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9
Q

Green color sheen has given the name ______ to many α- hemolytic Streptococci like the caries-causing: S.mutans, S.mitis, S.salivarius, S.sanguis

A

viridens

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10
Q

What two Streptococcal classification groups perform hemolysis?

A

Group A ( S.pyogenes)

group B ( S.galactiae)

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11
Q

M protein - cell wall component, >100 serotypes, membrane- anchored: is an important virulence factor

  • anti-M antibodies prevent infection of S.pyogenes but many serotypes. So protective immunity is type-specific
  • M protein binds keratinocytes, the main cell type in outer skin layer.

• M protein binds fibrinogen, blocking surface from complement system
components
• M protein binds complement control proteins
• Inhibits formation of
opsonins by complement
cascade

A

Virulence factors of Streptococcal bacteria ???? (couldn’t find if this was the broad category or a specific type of Streptococcal bacteria.)

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12
Q

_______ : antibodies are ineffective against glycocalyx-covered surface antigens

A

capsule

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13
Q

_______ also shows adhesion for fibronectin and strong adhesion to keratinocytes (skin)

A

M Protein

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14
Q

M protein anti-complement action through _____ _.

A

Factor H

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15
Q

Capsular ___ _______ destroys opsonizing C3b complement opsonization

A

C3 peptidase

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16
Q

__ _____: (cell surface) binds Fc of IgG, preventing phagocytosis based on FcReceptors

A

G protein

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17
Q

_____ ________ cleaves the complement componenet into inactive fragments

A

C3b peptidase

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18
Q

C5a peptidase are seen in ____ _ Streptococci

A

Group A

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19
Q

Inactive complement cehmotoxin ___ activate surface of plasminogen to plasmin and cleave of C3b.

A

C5a

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20
Q

What is an example of a membrane-damaging toxin disease?

A

streptococcus pyogenes

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21
Q

What is the name of the toxin released by streptococcus pyogenes?

A

streptolysin O

22
Q

What is characteristic of a disease caused by streptococcus pyogenes

A

accumulation of pus

23
Q

What is the mechanism of a disease caused by streptococcus pyogenes

A

inserts into memebranes, forming pores that allow fluids to enter.

24
Q

lysis of erythrocytes (direct lysis; basis of β-hemolysis) and
of phagocyte lysosomal membranes (indirect lysis of leukocytes)

A

streptolysins S, O:

25
Q

Overrides the specificity of the T-cell response

A

Superantigens

26
Q

Which bacteria is an example of a superantigen in certain strains?

A

streptococcus pyogenes

27
Q

What is the name of the disease caused by streptococcus pyogenes superantigens?

A

streptococcal toxic shock

28
Q

What is the name of the toxins that cause disease beacue of streptococcus pyogenes superantigens?

A

streptocoocal pyogenic exotoxins

29
Q

Scarlet fever

A

Streptococcus pyogenes

30
Q

What is the virulence factor of scarlet fever?

A

Virulence factor: a superantigen SPE

Streptococcal Pyrogenic Exotoxins

31
Q

skin infections of the face arms and legs.

A

Pyoderma (impetigo)

32
Q

red skin

A

erysipelas

33
Q

bullae

A

blister

34
Q

_____ ______ can Progress to deep, systemic
infection leads to multi-organ
failure and death.

A

streptococcal gangrene

35
Q

What is result of streptococcal gangrene?

A

necrotizing fasciitis

36
Q

Acute Pharyngitis

A

strep throat

37
Q

What are two serious results of Acute Pharyngitis?

A

glomerulonephritis

rheumatic fever

38
Q

rheumatic fever is caused by what type of sensitivity?

A

type II

39
Q

glomerulonephritis is caused by what type of sensitivity?

A

type III

40
Q

Acute rheumatic fever can cause what two things?

A

myocarditis and arthritis

41
Q 
non-suppurative sequela with  some strains
• <10% of population is susceptible
• fever is non-responsive to penicillin
because disease is autoimmune
• high frequency of reoccurrence
A

Acute Rheumatic Fever:

42
Q

Group B, β-hemolytic (<2% non-hemolytic), chain-like growth, aerobic, polysaccharide capsule

Normal occurrence in the lower gastrointestinal tract. Does not cause disease in healthy people

  • pneumonia in neonates (neonates: <7 days of birth)
  • bacteremia and meningitis (neonates: >7 days of birth)
  • urinary infections, bacteremia (pregnant women)

Neutralizing antibodies against group B polysaccharide Ag develop quickly and protect. (maternal Ab s prevent infection of neonate)

A

Streptococcus agalactiae

43
Q

T/F: enterococcus Faecalis is a gram + bacteria.

A

true

44
Q

___ ____ possesses high, multiple antibiotic resistances (plasmid and chromosomal)*

A

enterococcus Faecalis

45
Q

_____ _____ mostly effects the elderly with long hospitalizations. (high nosocomial risk antibiotic resistance)

A

enterococcus Faecalis

46
Q

α-hemolytic
Gram+
diplococci

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae

47
Q

for ______ _______ Only encapsulated strains ( smooth colonies) are virulent

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae

48
Q

high carrier rates for S. Pneumoniae

capsular vaccine available

A

pneumococcal Pneumonia

49
Q

an enterobacterium

often resistant to antibiotics

fatal nosocomial pneumonias

no vaccine available

A

Klebsiella pneumoniae

50
Q

no vaccine available

A

Mycoplasmal Pneumonia

51
Q

virulence factors for ____ _____ include
alpha-hemolysis
capsule
secretory IgA proteases

A

S.pneumoniae virulence factors

52
Q

Streptococcal pneumoniae can lead to_____

A

meningitis

Microbiology (46 decks)

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