Oral Bacteria B Flashcards
Pyogenic infections associated with the teeth and surrounding supporting structures
Dentoalveolar infections
Endodontic infections are _______ infections that are opportunistic
endogenous
Endodontic infections are endogenous infections that are _______
opportunistic
•Spread from carious lesion
(1)•Tooth fracture/wear•Through periodontal membrane and accessory root canals
(2)
•Anachoresis(3) (via pulpal blood supply) during bacteremia from tooth extraction at different site
Dentoalveolar Abscess
What are the 2 species of facultative anaerobes that are commonly isolated from dentoalveolar abscesses?
Strep sp
Actinomyces sp
What are the 4 species of obligate anaerobes that are commonly isolated from dentoalveolar abscesses?
Peptostreptococcus spp
Porphyromonas gingivalis
Prevotella spp
Fusobacterium nucleatum
A spreading, bilateral infection of the sublingual and submandibular spaces.Cellulitis of the fascial spaces rather than true abscess formation.
Mixed endogenous infection:Porphyromonas spp. Prevotella spp. Fusobacteria Anaerobic streptococci
-Airway obstruction is common
Ludwigs Angina
What are the 2 most commonly cultivated bacterial species from root canal infections?
Bacteroides
Prevotella
Localized collection of pus caused by acute or chronic destruction of periodontium Endogenous, subgingival plaque bacteria polymicrobial Porphyromonas spp. Prevotella spp. Fusobacteria Anaerobic streptococci
Periodontal abscess
Porphyromonas spp. Prevotella spp. Fusobacteria Anaerobic streptococci but involves bone
Suppurative Osteomyelitis of the Jaws
_____: endogenous, granulomatous disease
65% in cervicofacial region
Actinomyces (oral commensal)
visible granules in pus sulphur granules= collections of bacteria
Cervicofacial Actinomycosis
_______
–congenital: Hutchinson’s incisors, mulberry molars
primary and secondary lesions
gummas (granulomatous lesions)
Syphilis
_______
–oral lesions in up to 5% of primary and secondary causes ulcers on palate and gingiva
Tuberculosis
For leprosy just know there are ____ oral manifestations
many
Bacterial infections of salivary glands is often ______ species of bacteria
Staphylococcus
What are the Diseases or situations associated with oral bacteria or their components?
Infective endocarditis Disseminated intravascular coagulation Nephritis Rheumatoid arthritis Behçets disease (chronic inflammatory disorder with oral ulcers) Atherosclerosis Low-birth-weight infants
Microbial ____ are very similar to human that are normally shielded within cells. Antibodies elicited by bacterial ____ can cross-reactwith exposed human HSPs (e.g. present in damaged tissue). If immune complexes are deposited in the arterial wall (atherosclerosis), joints (arthritis), or mucous membranes (Behçets disease), its mimicrycan contribute to systemic disease.
Heat shock proteins
Streptococcus sanguinis express an epitope within PAAP (platelet-aggregation associated protein), which is similar to the arthritogenic epitope of type II collagen. In a murine arthritis model, S. sanguinis infection exacerbates arthritis.Interestingly, exposure of neonatal mice to PAAP+S. sanguinis inhibited development of autoimmune arthritis in the adult (early exposure protective?).
Autorecognition induced by oral microorganisms
_______ portion of the oral surfaces:
Contains TLRs: TLRs recognize PAMPs(Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns)
The mucosal barrier
Small peptides (proteins) that form pores in bacterial membranes, disrupting cells. HBD-1 (human b-defensin 1) is the main one produced by epithelial cells. Bacterial membranes are susceptible due to their high phospholipid content.
Defensins
_______ is the main defensin produced by epithelial cells.
HBD-1 (human b-defensin 1)
Mucins attached to mucosal surface form a selectively permeable layer (a mucus coat analogous to a bacterial capsule).
Mucins are glycoproteins and carbo-hydrates portion form a sticky slippery gel.
MG1and MG2 are mucins in oral cavity.
Adherent mucin layer
Endogenous bacteria keep out new bacteria, and the stimulate immune system. But they can cause disease when the balance shifts.
Commensal oral microbiota
How much saliva is secreted into the mouth per day?
.5-1.5L
MG1 and MG2 aggregate and clear oral microbes via lectin-like interactions.
Mucins
Degrades peptidoglycan by cutting bond between NAG and NAM (muramidase)
Lysozyme
