Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Microbiology > Hepatitis > Flashcards

Hepatitis Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

______-a clinical syndrome characterized by inflammation of the liver

A

Hepatitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

______ cell death releases bilirubin, which causes jaundice (Hepatitis)

A

hepatocyte

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

______ is a biproduct of heme metabolism in the liver (where heme is detoxified)

A

bilirubin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

_______ viruses have a strong tropism for the liver and preferentially replicate in the hepatocyte;
85% of liver cells are hepatocytes
Therefore these viruses primarily cause liver disease

A

Hepatitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Hepatitis viruses have a strong tropism for the liver and preferentially replicate in the _______

A

hepatocyte

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

______ hepatitis (A and E)
Hit and run
Fecal-oral

A

Infectious hepatitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which forms of hepatitis are categorized as Infectious hepatitis?

A

A and E

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which forms of hepatitis are categorized as serum hepatitis?

A

B,C, and D

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

______ hepatitis (B,C, and D)
Hide and infiltrate
Blood & sexual fluids

A

Serum hepatitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q 
linear + ssRNA
picornaviridae
–icosahedral, naked capsid virus
–positive strand linear RNA
--spread by fecal-oral contamination of food, drink, or shellfish
A

Hep A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

_____ virus is shed into bile ducts and into intestine and passes out of the body in the feces; directly kills hepatocytes

A

HAV, and HEV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

•clinical manifestations of ____ virus:
–usually mild intestinal infection
–occasionally viremia occurs, leading to liver infection
•jaundice
Treated via vacc and post-exposure immune globulin

A

HAV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which virus?
In highly endemic regions, almost all children become infected in first few years of life-most remain asymptomatic
-adults from nonendemic regions who become infected are more likely to display symptoms

A

HAV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q 
nicked circular mostly dsDNA
hepadnaviridae
Enveloped
Smallest viral genome:  3200 nucleotides
•3 distinct viral particles
A

Hepatitis B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the 3 distinct viral particles of Hep B?

A

–22 nm particle
–Variable tubular/filamentous particle (22 nm diameter)
–42 nm Dane particle (infective form of virus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which Hep B surface antigen is the main component?

A

HBsAg-S

17
Q

RT occurs during viral assembly, unlike retroviruses
Reverse transcription is by viral reverse transcriptase
Transcription is by hostRNA polymerase

A

HBV

18
Q

______ is a processed form of the core, HBcAg.

is mostly secreted from infected cells and found in bloodstream. Useful marker for HBV infection.

A

HBeAg

19
Q

Both types of _____ particles are empty envelopes. Most are spherical.Up to 1013particles per mL!

A

22 nm

20
Q

Priming of reverse transcription by ______ of viral polymerase by adding first nucleotide to a tyrosine residue of it

A

TP (terminal protein domain)

21
Q

_______ immune response determines course of HBV infection

A

Cell-mediated

22
Q

______ lymphocytes kill infected hepatocytes

A

Cytotoxic T lymphocytes

23
Q 
HBV does not directly kill hepatocytes
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ directed against MHC class I proteins bound to viral antigens on hepatocyte surface
A

Cytotoxic T lymphocytes

24
Q

Killing of hepatocytes also occurs by _____ release that promotes inflammation and tissue damage

A

cytokine

25
Q

_____ % infants infected with HBV become chronically infected; immature cell-mediated immune response

A

90%

26
Q

________ :increased cell division due to regeneration -increases chances of mutations
peroxides and free radicals from CTL killing

A

Hepatocellular carcinoma

27
Q

–vaccination recommended for all infants in USA
–HBsAg particles produced in yeast
–passive immunotherapy within 7 days of exposure
–reverse transcriptase inhibitors (originally anti-HIV drugs)

A

HBV

28
Q

Hep _____
Circular -ssRNA
deltaviridae
–Depends on HBV virus to replicate

A

Hepatitis D

29
Q

Chronic HBV infection exacerbated by infection with ________

A

hepatitis delta virus

30
Q

Hep ______
linear + ssRNA
flaviviridae
enveloped•In addition to transmission through blood and sexual fluid, also spreads from mother to fetus, by fecal-oral route, and through organ transplants

A

Hepatitis C

31
Q 
\_\_\_\_\_ also does not directly kill hepatocytes
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes directed against MHC class I proteins bound to viral antigens on hepatocyte surface
Killing also occurs by cytokine release that promotes inflammation and tissue damage
A

HCV

32
Q

_______: immune complex disease of kidney and other sites-disease outside of liver
Inflammation and blockage of small and medium blood vessels caused by cryoglobulin deposition (HCV)

A

Mixed cryoglobulinemia

33
Q

Are most cases of HBV lead to recovery or persistent infection?

A

Recovery

34
Q

Are most cases of HCV lead to recovery or persistent infection?

A

Persistent infection

35
Q

Hep _____
linear + ssRNA
caliciviridae
Not budding; released as and naked capsid virus

A

Hepatitis E

36
Q
  • spread in contaminated food and drink (like HAV)

* human-to human transmission and animal-to-human transmission (common source = pigs) (zoonosis).

A

HEV

37
Q

____ shed into bile ducts and into intestine and passes out of the body in the feces
-directly kills hepatocyte

A

HEV, and HAV

Microbiology (46 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions