SCHIZOPHRENIA : PSYCHOLOGICAL THERAPY

Question 1

what are hte 2 psychological therapies

Answer 1

CBT

family therapy

Question 2

cbt used to trewat people with schizo it usually takes place over a period of

Answer 2

5-20 sessions, in grup or on an individual basis

which is longer than for other condiitons

Question 3

cbt aims to dela wiht

Answer 3

thoughts (cognitions)

and

behaviours

Question 4

cbt can help a clien tmake sense of

Answer 4

how their irrational cognitions

Such as delusinos and hallucinations

impact their feelings and behaviour

Question 5

what can be hugely heplgul to schixo patinets in terms of CBT

Answer 5

just understanding where symptoms come from can be hugely helpful for those with symptoms like auditory hallucinations

Question 6

explin how just simply understanding hwere symptoms come from can be hugely helpful for those with symptoms like auditry hallucinations

Answer 6

if e.g client hears voices and beleives htem to be demonic forces theyll be afraid naturallly

if a hterapist can convince them that voice actually comes form malfuncitonign speech centre of their own brian and it cannot hurt them if they ignore it

this is much less firghtening and therfore less debilitaitng

Question 7

cbt wont … but can … which in turn …

Answer 7

eliminate symptoms of schizophrenia

but can help people to better be able to cope with symptoms

WHICH in turn reduces their stress and imporves their ability to funciton adequatley

Question 8

in tems of cbt how cna people hearing voices be helped

Answer 8

by teahcing them that voice hearing is n extenison of ordinary experience of thinking in words

• this is normalisatin

Question 9

in terms of cbt delusinos can be hint REBT

Answer 9

challenged

Question 10

how can delusions be challenged

Answer 10

by a process of relaity testing

in whihc perosn with schizo and their therapist jointly examine the likelihood that beliefs are true

Question 11

in some cases where delusions are resistant to relaoty testing CBT can still be used to

Answer 11

tackle the anxiety and depression thata result from living with schizophrenia

Question 12

family therapy

Question 13

family therapy takes place with who

Answer 13

families as well as idneitified patient

Question 14

what does fmaily therapy aim to improve

Answer 14

the quality of communciation and interactino between family members

Question 15

true or false theres a range of approaches to family therapy for schizophrenia

Answer 15

t

Question 16

how fam therapy helps - what did Pharaoah et al identify

Answer 16

range of strategies tha family therapists use to try to imporve funcitoing of a family tahta has amember with schizophrenia

Question 17

how fam therapy helps - what are 2 ways it helps

Answer 17

reduces negative emotions

improves family’s ability to help

Question 18

how fam therapy helps - explain reduces negatove emotions 3 oints

and why is reducing stress importnat

Answer 18

aims to reduce lvls of expressed emotion

by reducing the level of emotion generally but especially negative emotions such as anger and guilt which create stress

reducing stress is important to reduce the likelihood of relapse

Question 19

explain imporvs familiys ability to help 3 points

Answer 19

therapist encourages fam meers to form a therapeutic alliance whereby they all agree on aims of therpay

therapist also tries to imporve families beliefs about and behaviours towards schizophrenia

a further aim is to ensure family memeber aachieve a balance between caring for individual with schizo and maintaining own lives

Question 20

model of practice

Question 21

what did burbach propose

Answer 21

model for working with families dealing with schizophrenia

Question 22

how many stages does the model of practice have

Answer 22

7

Question 23

what is phase 1 of the model of practice

Answer 23

sharing basic info and providing emotional and practical support

then it develots through progressivley deeper levels

Question 24

what is phase 2 of the model of practice

Answer 24

involves identifiying resources including what different family meber can and cannot offer

Question 25

what is phase 3 of model of practice

Answer 25

it aims to encourage mutual understanding , creating a safe space for all famo meber to express their feelings

Question 26

what does phase 4 involve

Answer 26

identifying unhelpful patterns of interaction

Question 27

what is phase 5 about

Answer 27

skills traing such as learning stress managment techniques

Question 28

what does pahse 6 look at

Answer 28

relapse prevention plannign

Question 29

what is phase 7 about

Answer 29

miantanenace of rthe future

Question 30

strenght of cbt - non invasive

Answer 30

One strength of CBT is that it is non-invasive. This means that it does not involve
anything entering the body and therefore there are no side effects from the treatment. This is not the
case with antipsychotics which may lead to side effects and subsequently mean that patients stop
taking their medication. As CBT has no side effects, it is less likely patients will refuse to adhere to the
treatment. This in turn, increases the chances of the treatment working and relapse rates reducing.

Question 31

strenght of cbt - supprotign resech nice

Answer 31

Supporting research – Support for the effectiveness of CBT for the treatment of schizophrenia comes
from Nice (2014). They found that when compared to antipsychotics, CBT was effective in reducing
rehospitalisation rates up to 18 months following the end of treatment. There was also evidence of
improved social functioning in those receiving CBT compared to those receiving medication. This
supports the use of CBT as it shows that it can relieve the symptoms of schizophrenia.

Question 32

limitation of cbt - costly

Answer 32

Cost: One limitation is that CBT may not be an appropriate treatment as it is expensive. In order for it to
work it requires trained therapists, which cost the NHS money. The NHS is currently having difficulties
with funding and therefore it may be that antipsychotics are more likely to be prescribed for
schizophrenic patients as they cost less money than CBT whilst still treating the symptoms. This
matters because if less money is spent on it, it will reduce the number of trained therapists available to
deliver CBT.

Question 33

strenght of family therapy - no side effects

Answer 33

No side effects: One strength of family therapy is that it is non-invasive. This means that it does not
involve anything entering the body and therefore there are no side effects from the treatment. This is
not the case with antipsychotics which may lead to side effects and subsequently mean that patients
stop taking their medication. As family therapy has no side effects, it is less likely patients will refuse to
adhere to the treatment.

Question 34

limiatation of amily therapy - requires commitment + costly if thy as for 2 limtiaiton s

Answer 34

A problem with family therapy is that it requires commitment from a number of
individuals. This includes the patient, immediate family members, but it can also include extended
family members who do not live with the patient. It may be difficult to logistically find a regular time
where all relevant family members can attend, and even if this can be arranged it requires all family
members to be motivated to want to take part in the therapy. The family may see the disorder as solely
being needed to be treated at the individual level and therefore may not attend or engage fully in the
sessions. This therefore means that individual therapies such as CBT or art therapy may be more
appropriate.