GENDER: ATYPICAL SEX CHROMOSOME PATTERNS

Question 1

Klinefelter’s syndrome is an example of an

Answer 1

atypical sex chromosome pattern

Question 2

klinefelters syndrome affect whats in every male

Answer 2

1 in 600 males

Question 3

so explain what klinefelter’s syndrome is

Answer 3

a biological male

with the anatomical appearance of a male

that has an additional X chromosome

Question 4

what is the sex chromosme structure of one with klinefelter’s syndrome

Answer 4

XXY

Question 5

What gender does Klinefelters syndrome affect

Answer 5

MALES

Question 6

What % of klinefelters cases are diagnosed prenatally

Answer 6

10%

Question 7

although 10% of klinefelters syndrome are are identified by prenatal diagnosis . What is the fraction of people who have the syndrome but are not aware of it

Answer 7

2/3

Question 8

diagnosis of kleinefelters syndrome may come about accidentally thorugh

Answer 8

medical examination for an unrelated condition

Question 9

an effect of the additional X chrmosome is reduced… when compared to

Answer 9

reduced body hair

when compared to an XY male

Question 10

in klinefelter’s syndrome there may be what in the booby area at puberty + contours

2 marks

Answer 10

breast development at puberty

and a rounding of body contours

Question 11

describe the limbs individuasl with kleinfelters syndrome may have

Answer 11

gangly

Question 12

describe genitals sufffere of klinefelters syndrome may have

Answer 12

underdeveloped genitals

Question 13

describe klinefelters suffreres in terms of coordination and clumsiness

Answer 13

may have problems with coordination

may have general clumsiness

Question 14

what types of health problems are Klinefelters sufferes susceptible to

Answer 14

health problmes more commonly found in females such as breast cancer

Question 15

in terms of psychological and behavioural charcteristics what is klinefleters syndronme linked to hint skl

Answer 15

poorly developed language skills

and

reading ability

Question 16

in terms of psychological charcteristics indis with kleinfelters syndrome tend to be what 3 things

Answer 16

passive

shy

lack interest in sexual activity

Question 17

in terms of psycho chatctersitcis those w kleinfelters syndrome tend not to respond well to

Answer 17

stressful situations

Question 18

those with kleinfelters syndrome may often exhibit problems with executive functinos such as

Answer 18

memory

& problem solving

Question 19

what gender does turners syndrome affect

Answer 19

females

Question 20

what is the proprotion of femlaes with turners syndrome

Answer 20

1 in 5k

Question 21

what is turners syndrome and whats is caused by

Answer 21

a chromosomal disorder where a female has an absence of one of the two allotted X chromosomes

Question 22

an absence of one of the tow alloted X chromosomes is refered to as

Answer 22

XO

Question 23

Turners syndrome means the affected have how many chromosomes

Answer 23

45 instead of 46

Question 24

in terms of physical charcteristics what do those with turnrs syndrome not have

Answer 24

a menstrual cycle

Question 25

why do do those with turners syndrome not have a menstrual cycle

Answer 25

ovaries do not develo and therefore they are infertile

Question 26

what do those with turners not develop what at puberty

Answer 26

breasts

Question 27

what do those with turners syndrome have instead of breasts

Answer 27

a broad shield chest

Question 28

turners syndrome is also associated with what two things body wise

Answer 28

low set ears

webbed neck

Question 29

describe wais to hip ratio of turner sufferes

Answer 29

high

Question 30

what does turner sysndrome individuls having a high hip to waist ratio mean

Answer 30

hips are not that much bigger than the waist

Question 31

generally adfults with turners syndrome are physically …
and retain the appearance of..

Answer 31

physically immature

retain appearance of prepubescent girls

Question 32

in terms of psychological characteristics those with tunrners syndrome have what in contrast t those with kleinefelter’s syndrome

Answer 32

higher than average reading ability

Question 33

in terms of psychological characteristics those in contrast to kleinfelters syndrome , girls with tunrer syndrome performance on what kind of tasks is lower than average

Answer 33

spatial

visual memory

mathemtical tasks is

lower than on average

Question 34

in terms of psychological characteristics as well as immature appearance true or fals those w turners syndrome tend to be socially immature

Answer 34

true

they tend to be socially immature

Question 35

why are people with turners syndrome socially immature

2 points

Answer 35

have trouble relating to their peers

and experience difficulty fitting in

Question 36

LIMITATION - SMALL SAMPLE

Answer 36

P: One limitation of research into atypical sex chromosome patterns is that conclusions about characteristics has been drawn from research on a very small sample

E: Klinefelter’s syndrome only affect 1 in 600 males and Turner’s syndrome only affects 1 in 5000 females

E: Furthermore, not all people with these conditions are even aware they have the condition and significantly fewer have been subject of psychological research

L: This limits the extent to which generalisations can be made that suggest their biology is rather responsible for their behaviour

Question 37

strenght - RESERARCH BEENFITS

Answer 37

P: A benefit of the research into atypical sex chromosome patterns is that it has helped to increase the likelihood of earlier diagnosis

E: This is important as treatment in early childhood can help to prevent the physical symptoms which may help to avoid teasing and bullying

E: Atypical chromosome research has also increased understanding of the issues faced by those with with the syndromes

L: This enhanced insight is a strength as it will help to reduce the negative stigma associated with these conditions

Question 38

strength - RESEARCH HAVING ETHICAL IMPLICATIONS

check the ethical implications bit

Answer 38

P: A further strength of the research into atypical chromosome patterns is the ethical implications it has on the nature nurture debate

E: By comparing people who have these conditions with chromosme typical individuals it becomes possible to see phsyical and psycholgoical differences between the two groups

E: It might be logically inferred that these difference have a basis of gender and are a direct result of abnormal chromosome structures

L: this would suggest that innate ‘nature’ influences have a powerful effect on gender behaviour