route of admin: ocular

Question 1

front of the eye is

Answer 1

easily accessible

Question 2

problem with eye drops

Answer 2

poor bioavailability

short duration of action

Question 3

outer layer of eye: scelera

Answer 3

post 5th/6th of eye
tough fibrous tissues
protect eye and maintain shape

Question 4

cornea

Answer 4

anterior 1/6th of eye
position in front of iris and pupil
has many sens. nerves
surface is covered by tears from lacrimal gland

Question 5

chamber of eye

Answer 5

anterior
posterior
vitreous

Question 6

tears are from

Answer 6

lacrimal gland

Question 7

ph of noral tears

Answer 7

7.3-7.7

Question 8

buffer capacity and tears determined by

Answer 8

bicarbonate ions
proteins
mucins

Question 9

normal tear volume

Answer 9

5-8 ul

Question 10

3 layers:

Answer 10

superficial lipid layer
central aqueous layer
inner mucus layer

Question 11

delivery can be via

Answer 11

cornea
pericoular delivery
intra vitreal delivery

Question 12

topical preparations

eye solution

Answer 12

isotonic
close to neutral pH
stable
sterile

Question 13

topical preparations

Answer 13

easy to adminster

rapid onset of action

Question 14

formulate occular preparations-osmolarity

Answer 14

salt conc in the lacrimal fluid determines osmolarality

add tonicity agents

Question 15

formulate occular prep-ph

Answer 15

pH of normal tears close to neutral

buffer capacity of lacrimal fluid is low

Question 16

surface tension

Answer 16

lacrimal fluid 43.6-56.6 mN/m