parentals

Question 1

advantages

Answer 1

rapid action

good when unconscious

Question 2

disadvantages

Answer 2

needle- stick injury

Question 3

The IV route has ….. % drug absorption

Answer 3

100

Question 4

why can w/oil emulsion not be given

Answer 4

block blood vessels

Question 5

what does hypertonic and extreme ph cause

Answer 5

inflammation and pain at injection site

Question 6

is intra-atrial more invasive than veins

Answer 6

yes

Question 7

what does intradermal go between

Answer 7

epidermis and dermis

Question 8

what volume can be given between intradermal

Answer 8

up to 0.2ml

Question 9

problem with intradermal

Answer 9

slow absorption

Question 10

what does SC go between

Answer 10

loose connective and adipose tissue

Question 11

as the SC route is highly vascularised what does this mean

Answer 11

absorption is rapid

Question 12

what volume can be given SC

Answer 12

up to 1ml

Question 13

in IM where are the normal locations of injection

Answer 13

bum

thigh

Question 14

in IM what is the volume of injection

Answer 14

4

Question 15

disadvantages of IM

Answer 15

slow absorption

Question 16

volume given in intratheoncal injection

Answer 16

10

Question 17

in intraspinal all the injections are what

Answer 17

isotonic aqueous solutions

Question 18

intra-articular injections are given where

Answer 18

synovial fluid

Question 19

are intra-articular fluids suitable for aqueous solution and suspension

Answer 19

yes

Question 20

endotoxins are …………. found in ……… membrane of gram …….. bacteria

Answer 20

lipopolysaccharide
outer
negative

Question 21

all parental must be free of

Answer 21

pyrogen/ endotoxinsative

Question 22

what formulations don’t have to be free of visible particles

Answer 22

suspension
IM
SC
Intra-articular

Question 23

why do they have to be free of particles

Answer 23

any suspended particles will flow through venous blood and prevent blood flow

Question 24

in a solution what should not be seen

Answer 24

particles

Question 25

in an emulsion what should not be seen

Answer 25

cream/cracks

Question 26

suspensions are readily …….. on shaking

Answer 26

re-suspended

Question 27

what do aqueous injections for multiple- dosing must contain

Answer 27

antimicrobial preservative

Question 28

when are preservatives not used in injections

Answer 28

if dose volume >15ml

Question 29

infusions have no ……

Answer 29

preservatives

Question 30

infusions have ………. as a …….. phase

Answer 30

water

continuous

Question 31

what is an acceptable ph

Answer 31

3-9