clinical biochem 2 Flashcards
kidney functions
excrete waste
maintain ECF
produce and excrete some hormones
the kidney has …………. filters which exchange ….. and solute to ……….. balance
passive
water
maintain
what is retained in circulations
protein and LMW
what is the GFR
120ml/min
for renal function what important calculation is needed
GFR
why is creatine a proxymarker for GFR
not completely filtered by kidney and not reabs
what are the parameters for Cockcroft-Gault equation
50-20ml /min= mid impair
20-10ml/ min= moderate
<10ml/ min= severe
why is he equation inaccurate
-significant muscle wastage
urea is produced in the …….. following deamination of ………..
liver
AA
urea is a major loss of …… from the body
N2
some urea is reabsored by …………….. …………. ………..
passive
tubular
reabsorption
normal conc of urea is
2.5-6.6 mmol/L
urea is increased by
dehydration
infections
gastric blood loss
high dietry protein intake
urea is decreased by
low protein diet
dialysis
loss of hepatic function oedema
serum potassium levels important as they influence
membrane potential
intracellular serum K
3.5-5.3 mmol/L
when Na is actively reabsored what does K do
moves into filtrate to balance membrane potential
what else can move with K
H ions
what does the movement of H ion depend on
ability of tubular cells to sec H +
acidosis is termed
hyperkalaemia
alkalosis
hypokalaemia
if you drink a lot of water brain will make ….. ADH and a ….. volume of water is reabsorbed by kidneys
less
low
for hyponatremia to occur what is the Na conc in serum
serum Na < 135mmol/L
why does hyponatraemia occur
due to defective homeostatic mechanisms
