Cellular Pathology Flashcards
List the 5 adaptive responses
Hypertrophy Hyperplasia Dysplasia Metaplasia Atrophy/hypoplasia
What is hypertrophy
Inc the size of organs/cells due to protein accretion
What is hyperplasia
Increase in the number of cells and organs
What is dysplasia
Change is cell organisation
What is metaplasia
Substitute one cell type with another with an organ
What is atrophy/ hypoplasia
Decrease cell size and number
What stage are nerve cells in permanent
G0
What is prophase
Centrioles move to poles
What is metaphase
Chromosomes align, nuclei disappears
Anaphase
Chromosomes divide and move to poles
What is telophase
Nuclear membrane reappears and cytokinesis occurs
2 types of sub-lethal cell injury
Hydropic degeneration
Fatty change
Lethal cell injury
Necrosis
Programmed cell death
In coagulation necrosis what does the tissue appear as
Firm
Pale
Outlined
Causes of coagulative necrosis
Ischaemia
Proteins released from dead cells
In liquefactive necrosis how does the tissue appear
Semi-solid
Dissolution of the tissues
Causes of liquefactive necrosis
Infections
Hydrolase release
Other 2 necrosis types
Enzymatic fat
Caseous
Gangrenous
2 pathways of apoptosis
Intrinsic
Extrinsic
