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Structure and Function Test 1 > Pterygopalatine fossa, Nasal Cavity, and Paranasal sinuses > Flashcards

Pterygopalatine fossa, Nasal Cavity, and Paranasal sinuses Flashcards

1
Q

The nose and bilateral nasal cavities are comprised of

A

Cartilage and bone

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2
Q

Divides the nasal cavities and forms their medial wall

-also consists of bone and cartilage

A

Midline nasal septum

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3
Q

The LATERAL walls of the nasal cavities typically contain three shell-like bones called

A

Concha or turbinates (Superior, middle, and inferior)

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4
Q

Increase the surface area of each nasal cavity

A

Superior, middle, and inferior concha

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5
Q

Inferior to each concha is a meatus that baffles air and receives drainage from one or more

A

Paranasal sinuses

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6
Q

The nose and nasal cavity function as a

A

Respiratory and olfactory organ

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7
Q

External air enters the nose through the

A

Nares

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8
Q

External air enters the nose through the nares and passes into the nasal cavities where it is

A

Warmed, filtered, and humidified

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9
Q

External air enters the nose through the nares where it is warmed, filtered, and humidified before it passes to the

A

Choanae to enter nasopharynx

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10
Q

Scent molecules are detected by olfactory nerves underlying the

A

Olfactory mucosa

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11
Q

Superiorly, the nasal cavities communicate with the

A

Anterior cranial fossa

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12
Q

Superiorly, the nasal cavities communicate with the anterior cranial fossa via the

A

Cribiform plate of the ethmoid bone

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13
Q

Inferiorly the nasal cavities communicate with the

A

Oral cavity

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14
Q

Inferiorly, the nasal cavities communicate with the oral cavity via the

A

Incisive foramen

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15
Q

What is transmitted between the nasal cavities and the anterior cranial fossa via the cribiform plate?

A

Olfactory nerves

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16
Q

The nasal cavities communicate superiolaterally with the

A

Orbit

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17
Q

The nasal cavities communicate superiolaterally with the orbit via the

A

Ethmoid bone

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18
Q

The nasal cavities communicate superiolaterally with the orbit via the ethmoid bone to transmit the

A

Ethmoidal branches of the nasocilliary nerve and opthalmic artery

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19
Q

The nasal cavities also communicate with the orbit via the

A

Bony nasolacrimal canal

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20
Q

The nasal cavities also communicate with the orbit via the bony nasolacrimal canal to transmit the

A

Nasolacrimal duct

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21
Q

The nasal cavities communicate with the oral cavity via the incisive foramen to transmit the

A

Nasopalatine nerve and accompanying blood vessels

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22
Q

The nasal cavities communicate with the pterygopalatine fossa via the

A

Shenopalatine foramen

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23
Q

The nasal cavities communicate with the pterygopalatine fossa via the sphenopalatine foramen to transmit the

A

Sphenopalatine artery, palatine nerves, and lateral and septal nerve branches

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24
Q

The mucosa overlying the olfactory area of the nasal cavity is innervated by

A

Olfactory nerve (CN I)

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25
Q

The SOMATIC SENSORY innervation of the RESPIRATORY mucosa is from branches of the

A

Opthalmic and maxillary divisions of Trigeminal nerve (V1 and V2)

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26
Q

Production of nasal mucous is stimulated by

A

Parasympathetic innervation of mucous glands

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27
Q

Describe the innervation of the mucous glands that produce nasal mucous?

A

Greater petrosal nerve (VII) to Pterygopalatine ganglion then to glands via branches of maxillary nerve (V2)

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28
Q

The anterior portion of the nasal cavity receives its blood supply via branches from the

A

Facial and opthalmic arteries

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29
Q

The posterior portion of the nasal cavity is primarily supplied via branches of the

A

Sphenopalatine artery (branch of 3rd part of maxillary artery)

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30
Q

What are the four paired paranasal sinuses in the head

A

Frontal, ethmoidal, sphenoidal and maxillary

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31
Q

Interconnected, air filled chambers lined with a mucous membrane

A

Frontal, ethmoidal, sphenoidal, and maxillary paranasal sinuses

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32
Q

Thought to lighten the head, facilitate growth of the face, and play a role in vocal resonance

-function is not really known though

A

Paranasal sinuses

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33
Q

Paranasal sinuses can easily become inflamed resulting in often painful

34
Q

The mucous produced in these paranasal sinuses drains into the nasal cavities via openings in a

35
Q

Once the mucous from the paranasal sinuses enters the nasal cavities through openings in a meatus, it then enters the

A

Nasopharynx, where it is ultimately swallowed

36
Q

For the FRONTAL sinus, what is the

  1. ) Opening
  2. ) Meatus or recess
A
  1. ) Frontonasal duct

2. ) Middle meatus

37
Q

For the ETHMOIDAL sinus, what is the

  1. ) Opening
  2. ) Meatus or recess
A

Anterior and middle air cells w/ middle meatus

Posterior air cells w/ superior meatus

38
Q

For the SPHENOIDAL sinus, what is the

  1. ) Opening
  2. ) Meatus or recess
A
  1. ) Sphenoidal osteum

2. ) Sphenoethmoidal Recess

39
Q

For the MAXILLARY sinus what are the TWO

  1. ) Openings
  2. ) Meatus or recesses
A
  1. )
    a. Maxillary osteum w/ middle meatus

b. Nasolacrimal duct w/ inferior meatus

40
Q

Considered the crossroads of the skull because it and its contents communicate with so many different regions of the skull

A

Pterygopalatine Fossa

41
Q

The bilateral pterygopalatine fossa are filled with

A

Parasympathetic ganglion and branches of maxillary nerve and artery

42
Q

You can locate the pterygopalatine fossa on a bony skull by placing a pipe cleaner through the

A

Pterygomaxillary fissue and sphenopalatine foramen

43
Q

When you do this, part of the pipe cleaner will be visible in

A

The infratemporal fossa and other part in nasal cavity

44
Q

When you look inferiorly at the skull, the portion of the pipe cleaner that you DON’T see is the

A

Pterygopalatine fossa

45
Q

What are the 4 main maxillary nerve branches in the pterygopalatine fossa?

A

Palatine, Nasopalatine, Posterior superior alveolar, and Infraorbital

46
Q

What types of nerve fibers are in the Palatine nerve?

A

Somatic sensory, postganglionic parasympathetic and sympathetic, and taste

47
Q

The palatine nerve innervates the

A

Palate, mucosa, and palatine taste

48
Q

What type of fibers are in the nasopalatine nerve?

A

Somatic sensory, postganglionic parasympathetic and sympathetic

49
Q

The nasopalatine nerve passes through the

A

Sphenopalatine foramen

50
Q

The nasopalatine nerve innervates the

A

Nasal cavity mucosa

51
Q

What types of fibers are in the posterior alveolar nerve?

A

Somatic sensory

52
Q

The posterior superior alveolar nerve passes through the

A

Pterygomaxillary fissure

53
Q

The posterior superior alveolar nerve innervates the

A

Maxillary teeth

54
Q

What type of fibers does the infraorbital nerve have?

A

Somatic sensory

55
Q

The infraorbital nerve passes through the

A

Inferior orbital fissure

56
Q

The infraorbital nerve innervates the

57
Q

The palatine nerve passes through the

A

Palatine foramina

58
Q

The pterygopalatine ganglion consists of post ganglionic parasympathetic cell bodies whose axons innervate the

A

Lacrimal gland and mucous glands of the oral and nasal cavities

59
Q

These post ganglionic axons are distributed with branches of the

A

Maxillary nerve (oral and nasal cavities) and Opthalmic nerve (lacrimal gland)

60
Q

Preganglionic parasympathetic innervation of the pterygopalatine ganglion is from nerve fibers in the

A

Greater petrosal nerve (of VII)

61
Q

Somatic sensory fibers from the maxillary nerve enter the pterygopalatine fossa via

-but they don’t synapse

A

Pterygopalatine nerves

62
Q

Postganglionic sympathetic axons reach the pterygopalatine ganglion via the

-Also do not synapse in the ganglion

A

Deep petrosal nerve

63
Q

Both the greater and deep petrosal nerves reach the pterygopalatine fossa by passing through the

A

Pterygoid canal

64
Q

While in the pterygoid canal, the greater and deep petrosal nerves collectively are referred to as the

A

Nerve of pterygoid canal or the Vidian nerve

65
Q

Preganglionic parasympathetic axons from the greater petrosal nerve synapse on cells in the

A

Pterygopalatine fossa

66
Q

Post ganglionic axons then pass from the pterygopalatine ganglion to the maxillary nerve via

A

Pterygopalatine nerves

67
Q

The maxillary nerve then gives off the zygomatic branch and the postganglionic fibers travel on it through the

A

Inferior orbital fissure to reach the orbit

68
Q

The zygomatic nerve carries the postganglionic fibers to a communicating brancgh in the lateral wall of the orbit which then unites with the

A

Lacrimal branch of opthalmic nerve

69
Q

The postganglionic fibers then travel on the lacrimal nerve to reach the

A

Lacrimal gland

70
Q

The maxillary artery enters the pterygopalatine fossa from the

A

Infratemporal fossa

71
Q

The maxillary artery enters the pterygopalatine fossa freom the infratemporal fossa via the

A

Pterygomaxillary fissure

72
Q

Within the pterygopalatine fossa, the maxillary artery branches into the

A

Descending palatine, sphenopalatine, posterior superior alveolar, and infraorbital arteries

73
Q

The descending palatine artery travels through the

A

Palatine foramina

74
Q

The descending palatine artery supplies the

75
Q

The sphenopalatine artery travels though the

A

Sphenopalatine foramen

76
Q

The sphenopalatine artery supplies the

A

Nsala cavity

77
Q

The posterior superior alveolar artery travels through the

A

Pterygomaxillary fissure

78
Q

The posterior superior alveolar artery supplies the

A

Maxillary teeth

79
Q

The Infraorbital artery passes through the

A

Inferior orbital fissure

80
Q

The infraorbital artery supplies the

Structure and Function Test 1 (61 decks)

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