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Structure and Function Test 1 > Compartments of the Leg: Talocrural Joint and Foot > Flashcards

Compartments of the Leg: Talocrural Joint and Foot Flashcards

1
Q

The deep fascia of the leg is called the

A

Crural fascia

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2
Q

Extending from the crural fascia are three intermuscular septa, called the

A

Anterior, posterior, and transverse septa

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3
Q

The leg is compartmentalized by the intermuscular septa and the interosseous membrane connecting the

A

Tibia and Fibula

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4
Q

Distally, the crural fascia forms structures that prevent bowstringing of the tendons crossing the ankle joint. These are called

A

Retinaculua

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5
Q

The leg can be organized into which 4 compartments?

A

Anterior, lateral, superficial posterior, and deep posterior

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6
Q

The leg bones are the

A

Tibia (medial) and Fibula (lateral)

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7
Q

The anterior leg muscles function in

A

Dorsiflexion and digit extension

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8
Q

The muscles of the lateral leg function in

A

Foot eversion

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9
Q

The muscles of the superficial posterior leg function in

A

Foot plantar flexion

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10
Q

The muscles of the deep posterior compartment function in

A

Plantar flexion and digit flexion

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11
Q

The muscles of the anterior leg compartment are innervated by the

A

Deep fibrular nerve

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12
Q

The muscles of the lateral leg compartment are innervated by the

A

Superficial fibrular nerve

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13
Q

The muscles of the superficial posterior and deep posterior compartments are innervated by the

A

Tibial nerve

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14
Q

What are the 4 anterior leg muscles?

A

Tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus, and peroneus tertius

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15
Q

Which anterior leg muscles function in dorsiflexion?

A

All of them

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16
Q

Which anterior leg muscles function in foot INVERSION

A

Tibialis anterior

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17
Q

Which anterior leg muscles function in digit extension?

A

Extensor hallucis longus and extensor digitorum longus

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18
Q

What are the two muscles of the lateral leg?

A

Peroneus longus and peroneus brevis

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19
Q

Both the peroneus longus and peroneus brevis both function in

A

Foot eversion

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20
Q

What are the three muscles of the superficial posterior leg?

A

Gastrocnemius, soleus, and plantaris

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21
Q

Which superficial posterior leg muscles function in Knee flexion?

A

Gastrocnemius and Plantaris

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22
Q

Which superficial posterior leg muscles function in foot plantarflexion?

A

Gastrocnemius, plantaris, and soleus

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23
Q

What are the 4 muscles of the deep posterior leg?

A

Popliteus, flexor hallucis longus, flexor digitorum longus, and tibialis posterior

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24
Q

Which deep posterior leg muscles function in knee unlocking?

A

Popliteus

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25
Which deep posterior leg muscles function in digit flexion?
Flexor hallucis longus and flexor digitorum longus
26
Which deep posterior leg muscle function in foot plantar flexion?
Tibialis posterior, flexor hallucis longus, and flexor digitorum longus
27
Which deep posterior leg muscles function in foot inversion?
Tibialis posterior
28
A part of the calcaneus which supports the talus -where the spring ligament attaches
Sustentaculum tali
29
The spring ligament attaches to the
Sustentaculum tali
30
Articulation between the trochlea of the talus and the distal tibia and fibula
Talocrural joint
31
The movements of dorsiflexion and plantarflexion occur at the
Talocrural joint
32
What are the four ankle and foot ligaments?
Medial collateral (deltoid), Lateral collateral, Plantar calcaneonavicular (spring), and long plantar
33
The medial collateral (deltoid) ligament attaches the
Tibia to the talus, calcaneus, and navicular. It also attaches talus to calcaneus
34
The medial collateral (deltoid) ligament function to
Provide medial support to ankle. Resists eversion
35
The lateral collateral ligament of the ankle attaches the
Fibular to the talus and calcaneus
36
The lateral collateral ligament of the ankle functions to
Provide lateral support to ankle. Resist inversion
37
The plantar calcaneonavicular (spring) ligament attaches the
Sustenaculum tali and navicular bone
38
The plantar calcaneonavicular (spring) ligament function to
Support head of talus in TCN joint and provide elasticity to the arch
39
The long plantar ligament attaches
Calcaneus, cuboid, and lateral 3 metatarsals
40
The long plantar ligament functions to
Provide lateral arch support to foot
41
The movements of dorsiflexion and plantarflexion occur between the
Trochlea of talus and medial malleolus of tibia and lateral malleolus of fibula
42
The movements of inversion and eversion occur at both the
Subtalar and transverse tarsal joints
43
Which leg muscles function in dorsiflexion?
Tibialis Anterior, Extensor Hallucis Longus, Extensor | Digitorum Longus
44
Which leg muscles function in plantarflexion?
Gastrocnemius, Soleus, Tibialis Posterior, Flexor | Digitorum Longus, Flexor Hallucis Longus
45
Which leg muscles function in inversion?
Tibialis anterior and tibialis posterior
46
Which leg muscles function in eversion?
Peroneus longus and peroneus brevis
47
The blood supply to the ankle and sole of the foot is via branches of the
Posterior tibial artery (called the medial and lateral plantar arteries)
48
The dorsum of the ankle and foot is supplied by the -branch of anterior tibial artery
Dorsalis pedis artery
49
Ankle sprains are common occurences, with most being inverted sprains that stretch or tear the
Lateral collateral ligament of the ankle
50
The lateral collateral ligaments tend to tear from
Anterior to posterior with increasing severity
51
A painful inflammation of the plantar fascia that results from micro tears of the fascia due to repeated stress
Plantar fasciitis
52
A very common foot deformity in which the proximal phalanx of the big toe deviates laterally and the first metatarsal deviates medially
Hallux valgus
53
What happens in hallux valgus?
Proximal phalanx of big toe deviates laterall and first metatarsel deviates medially
54
Friction leads to swelling of the bursa overlying the medial site of the metatarsal head, creating a
Bunion
55
Injury of compression of the leg can lead to compartment syndrome because the crucial fascia is so tight. This would be relieved by a
Fasciotomy
56
Joint between talus and calcaneus. -A hinge joint where we see eversion and inversion
Subtalar joint
57
Joint between talus, calcaneus, and navicular joint, and the calcaneocuboid joint
Transverse Tarsal joint
58
We get motions of inversion and eversion at the
Subtalar and Transverse tarsal joints
59
When the foot is dorsiflexed, abducted, and exerted we have
Pronation
60
When the foot is plantarflexed, addicted, and inverted we have
Supination
61
Pronation of the foot results in
Inner heel sole wear
62
Supination of the foot results in
Outer heel sole wear
63
Nerve in the sole of the foot that is equivalent to median nerve
Medial plantar nerve
64
Nerve in the sole of the foot that is equivalent to ulnar nerve
Lateral plantar nerve
65
Equivalent of radial and ulnar arteries in the foot
Lateral and medial plantar
66
The superficial artery of the foot
Lateral plantar
67
If you have occlusive disease in aortoiliac artery, there would be pain in the
Thigh and Buttock (also trouble maintaining erection)
68
Femoral occlusive disease would result in pain in the
Calf
69
Occlusive disease in popliteal or proximal tibial or fibular arteries presents with
Foot pain
70
What are the three joints of the ankle and what do they predominantly do?
1. ) Talocrural (dorsiflexion and plantarflexion 2. ) Subtalar (inversion and eversion) 3. ) Transverse tarsal (midfoot inversion and eversion)
71
Which ligament from the ankle's LCL is most likely to be injured in an ankle sprain?
Anteriotalofibular ligament
72
Runs from the talus to the fibula and resists inversion
Anteriotalofibular ligament
73
The plantar fascia is analogous to the palmar aponeurosis, and where it attaches to the calcaneus is the location of
Plantar fasciaitis
74
What is the motor innervation of the dorsum surface of the foot?
Deep fibular
75
What is the sensory innervation of the dorsum surface of the foot?
Superficial Fibular (L5) and Deep fibular (only webbing between great toes)
76
The plantar surface of the foot receives motor and sensory innervation from branches of the tibial nerve called
Medial and lateral plantar nerves
77
When your foot falls asleep it is due to compression of the
Superficial fibular
78
Analogous to the median nerve in the hand
Medial plantar nerve
79
Analogous to the ulnar nerve in the hand
Lateral plantar nerve
80
The main blood supply for the foot is from the -divides into medial and lateral plantar arteries
Posterior tibial artery
81
The predominant superficial arch of the foot is from the
Lateral plantar artery

Structure and Function Test 1 (61 decks)

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