Pelvic Viscera Pt. 2

Question 1

In general, in the Pelvis, sympathetic motor innervation causes what two things?

Answer 1

1. ) Contraction of smooth muscle sphincters

2. ) Vasoconstriction of blood vessels

Question 2

In general, in the Pelvis, parasympathetic motor innervation causes

Answer 2

1. ) Relaxation of smooth muscle sphincters

2. ) Stimulates smooth muscle contractions of the bladder and rectum

Question 3

In the pelvis, PREGANGLIONIC SYMPATHETIC neurons have their cell bodies located in the

Answer 3

Lateral horn of spinal cord segments L1 and L2

Question 4

Axons enter the sympathetic chain via white rami communicans with most of them passing through the L1, L2 ganglia exiting as

Answer 4

Lumbar Splanchnic nerves

Question 5

The PREGANGLIONIC SYMPATHETIC fibers in the lumbar splanchnic nerves may enter the

Answer 5

Superior or inferior mesenteric ganglia and synapse

Question 6

Additionally, some PREGANGLIONIC SYMPATHETIC fibers will continue along the aorta and enter the

Answer 6

Superior hypergastric plexus

Question 7

The superior hypogastric plexus is located at the

Answer 7

Aortic bifurcation

Question 8

These PREGANGLIONIC SYMPATHETIC fibers will then enter the pelvis using the

Answer 8

Right or left hypogastric nerves

Question 9

The right and left hypogastric nerves end in the

Answer 9

Inferior hypogastric plexus

Question 10

The inferior hypogastric plexus is located along the walls of the

Answer 10

Pelvic Viscera

Question 11

To recap, the PREGANGLIONIC SYMPATHETIC may synapse on POSTGANGLIONIC sympathetic cell bodies located in either the

Answer 11

Superior mesenteric, inferior mesenteric, or inferior hypogastric plexuses

Question 12

POSTGANGLIONIC SYMPATHETIC axons travel with blood vessels or leave the inferior hypogastric plexus directly to the

Answer 12

Smooth muscle of the viscera they innervate

Question 13

The cell bodies of PREGANGLIONIC PARASYMPATHETIC neurons are located in spinal cord segments

Answer 13

S2, S3, and S4

Question 14

PREGANGLIONIC PARASYMPATHETIC axons branch from ventral rami of S2, S3, and S4 and merge to form the

Answer 14

Pelvic splanchnic nerves

Question 15

Most of these PREGANGLIONIC PARASYMPATHETIC fibers enter the inferior hypogastric plexus where they synapse on postganglionic cell bodies. While others travel to ganglia located on the walls of the

Answer 15

Viscera

Question 16

Where are the POSTGANGLIONIC PARASYMPATHETIC cell bodies located?

Answer 16

Inferior hypogastric plexus of the walls of the viscera they innervate

Question 17

Convey reflex information such as the degree of bladder filling or pain

Answer 17

Visceral afferent nerves

Question 18

In general, reflex afferents travel with

Answer 18

PARASYMPATHETIC nerves

Question 19

In general, pain afferents travel with

Answer 19

SYMPATHETIC nerves

Question 20

However, in the pelvis, both SYMPATHETIC and PARASYMPATHETIC fibers carry

Answer 20

Pain fibers

Question 21

Delineates which system (sympathetic or parasympathetic) the pain fibers will travel

Answer 21

Pelvic Pain line

Question 22

Viscera above the pelvic pain line

Answer 22

Intraperitoneal Viscera

Question 23

Above the pelvic pain line, visceral pain from the intraperitoneal pelvic viscera accompanies

Answer 23

Sympathetic fibers via hypogastric plexuses to T11-L1

Question 24

What are the structures of the intraperitoneal viscera?

Answer 24

Fundus and body of uterus, uterine tubes, and ovaries

Question 25

Thus, uterine contractions are referred to regions supplied by these levels and manifest as

Answer 25

Lower back pain

Question 26

Viscera below the pelvic pain line

Answer 26

Subperitoneal Viscera

Question 27

Below the pelvic pain line, visceral pain travels via

Answer 27

Pelvic splanchnic (parasympathetic) nerves to S2-S4 spinal cord levels

Question 28

What are the structures of the subperitoneal viscera?

Answer 28

Cervix, upper vagina, and bladder

Question 29

What are the 5 autonomic structures of the pelvic viscera?

Answer 29

1. ) Lumbar splanchnic nerves
2. ) Intermesenteric plexus
3. ) Superior hypogastric Plexus
4. ) Right and left hypogastric nerves
5. ) Inferior hypogastric plexus

Question 30

Contain PREGANGLIONIC SYMPATHETIC fibers from spinal cord levels T11-L2 that enter the preaortic ganglia

-Also carry visceral afferents

Answer 30

Lumbar splanchnic nerves

Question 31

Contains PRE- and POSTGANGLIONIC SYMPATHETIC nerve fibers running between preaortic ganglia

Answer 31

Intermesenteric plexus

Question 32

At the bifurcation of the aorta, the intermesenteric plexus ends as the

Answer 32

Superior hypogastric plexus

Question 33

Contains PRE- and POSTGANGLIONIC SYMPATHETIC fibers from the intermesenteric plexus

Answer 33

Superior Hypogastric Plexus

Question 34

NO synapses occur within the

Answer 34

Superior Hypogastric plexus

Question 35

Carry PRE- and POSTGANGLIONIC SYMPATHETIC fibers from the superior hypogastric plexus down into the pelvis to the right and left inferior hypogastric plexuses

-Also carry visceral afferents

Answer 35

Right and Left Hypogastric nerves

Question 36

Contain cell bodies of POSTGANGLIONIC SYMPATHETIC neurons

Answer 36

Inferior hypogastric plexuses

Question 37

PREGANGLIONIC SYMPATHETIC fibers synapse on POSTGANGLIONIC cell bodies here

Answer 37

Inferior Hypogastric plexuses

Question 38

POSTGANGLIONIC SYMPATHETIC fibers then travel from the inferior hypogastric plexuses with branches of the

Answer 38

Internal iliac artery

Question 39

Contains PRE- AND POSTGANGLIONIC SYMPATHETIC and PRE- AND POSTGANGLIONIC PARASYMPATHETIC nerves as well as visceral afferents

Answer 39

Inferior hypogastric plexuses