Orbit and Extraocular Muscle Testing Pt. 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 structures in the orbit that receive autonomic innervation?

A
  1. ) Dilator pupillae muscle
  2. ) Constrictor pupillae muscle
  3. ) Ciliary Muscle
  4. ) Levator palpebrae (smooth muscle part)
  5. ) Lacrimal gland
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2
Q

Of these 5, which two only get SYMPATHETIC innervation?

A

Dilator pupillae and levator palpebrae

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3
Q

Of these 5, which two receive only PARASYMPATHETIC innervation?

A

constrictor pupillae and ciliary

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4
Q

OF these 5, which is the only one to receive BOTH sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation

A

Lacrimal gland

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5
Q

The sympathetic innervation of the dilator pupillae and levator palpebrae is via postganglionic fibers whose cell bodies are in the

A

Superior cervical ganglion

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6
Q

The preganglionic sympathetic fibers arrise from

A

T1

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7
Q

The parasympathetic innervation to the lacrimal gland is via the

A

Greater petrosal branch of CN VII (preganglionic) and the pterygopalatine ganglion (post ganglionic)

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8
Q

The parasympathetic innervation to the constrictor pupillae and ciliary muscles is via

A

CN III (preganglionic) and ciliary ganglion (post ganglionic)

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9
Q

The ciliary ganglion contains cell bodies of

A

Post ganglionic parasympathetic neurons

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10
Q

Preganglionic parasympathetic axons from CN III enter the ciliary ganglion through the

A

Motor root

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11
Q

The post ganglionic axons then leave the ciliary ganglion through the short ciliary nerves and to the eyeball to innervate the

A

Sphincter pupillae and cilliary muscles

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12
Q

Contains sensory fibers from CN V1 and postganglionic sumpathetic axons from cell bodies in the superior cervical ganglion that pass through wihtout synapsing

A

Ciliary ganglion

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13
Q

What is the sensory nerve in the orbit for special sensation?

A

Optic nerve (II)

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14
Q

What is the sensory nerve in the orbit for general sensation?

A

Opthalmic (V1) and maxillary (V2) divisions of the trigeminal nerve

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15
Q

The eyeball receives general sensory innervation from the

A

Long ciliary and short ciliary nerves, which are branches of the nasociliary nerve (branch of V1)

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16
Q

Pass through the ciliary ganglion on their way to the eyeball

A

Sensory fibers in short ciliary nerve

17
Q

What are the other sensory nerves that pass through the orbit to provide general sensory innervation to the face, paranasal sinuses, and cranial cavity?

A

Frontal nerve, lacrimal nerve, infraorbital nerve, and zygomaticotemporal and zygomaticofacial nerves

18
Q

All of the sensory fibers of the trigeminal nerve have their cell bodies in the trigeminal ganglion located in the

A

Middle cranial fossa

19
Q

Prior to entering the orbit, CN V1 divides into the

A

Lacrimal, frontal, and nasociliary nerves

20
Q

Within the orbit, the frontal nerve divides into the

A

Supraorbital and supratrochlear nerves

21
Q

Gives rise to the Sensory root of the ciliary ganglion, the long ciliary nerve, the ethmoidal nerves, and the infratrochlear nerve

A

Nasociliary Nerve

22
Q

Provides sensation from the eyeball

A

Sensory root of ciliary ganglion and long ciliary nerve

23
Q

PRovides sensation from the ethmoid air cells, the anterior cranial fossa, and the nasal cavity

A

Ethmoidal nerves

24
Q

Provides sensation from the face

A

Infratrochlear nerce

25
Prior to entering the orbit, CN III divides into a
Superior and inferior division
26
The superior division of CN III carries SOMATIC motor innervation to the
Levator palpebrae superioris and superior rectus
27
The inferior division of CN III carries somatic motor innervation to the
Inferior and medial rectus and the inferior oblique
28
The inferior division of CN III also carries preganglionic parasympathetic innervation to the
Ciliary ganglion
29
CN IV and CN VI enter the orbit and each innervate one muscle, which are they?
CN IV = superior oblique | CN VI = lateral rectus
30
A branch of the internal carotid artery that enters the orbit through the optic canal along with the optic nerve
Opthalmic artery
31
Sole blood supply to the visual receptor cells of the retina -Branch of opthalmic artery
Central artery of the retina
32
Communicates with several veins of the face, receives tributaries within the orbit, and then exits the orbit through the superior orbital fissure to enter the cavernous sinus
Superior opthalmic vein
33
Receives tributaries within the orbit and then divides into two branches
Inferior opthalmic vein
34
One branch exits the orbit through the inferior orbital fissure to drain into the
Pterygoid plexus in the infratemporal fossa
35
The other branch drains into the
Superior opthalmic vein
36
Usually the pressure gradient of the opthalmic veins is such that blood flow is from
Within the cranial cavity outward
37
Can travel to the cavernous sinus and may lead to septic cavernous sinus thrombosis (potentially fatal)
Superficial cutaneous infection of the face
38
Which structures passTHROUGH the common ring tendon of the four rectus muscles?
1. ) CN II 2. ) CN III (sup. & inf.) 3. ) CN VI 4. ) Nasociliary nerve of V1 5. ) Opthalmic artery
39
What are the structures that pass OUTSIDE of the ring tendon?
1. ) CN IV 2. ) Frontal and lacrimal nerves of V1 3. ) Infraorbital and zygomatic nerves of V2 4. ) Opthalmic veins