Pituitary disease Flashcards
What is the brain’s endocrine gland?
-Pituitary
What does the pituitary secrete through?
-Blood Brain Barrier
What does the anterior pituitary do?
- Portal circulation from hypothalamus
- Sends releasing factors
What does the posterior pituitary do?
-Axons go into systemic circulation such as ADH and Oxytocin
What do FSH and LH regulate?
-All aspects of ovulation
What is GH an antagonist to and what effects does it have?
- Insulin
- Anabolic effects
What is GIH known as?
-Somatostatin
What does GIH do?
-Inhibit the release of GH from the pituitary
What does Dopamine do for lactation?
-Inhibits lactation by stopping the release of Prolactin from the pituitary
What is Klinefelter’s syndrome?
- XXY
- Hypogonadism
- .5% incidence
What causes the release of FSH or LH?
-GNRH
What age of people are pituitary adenomas most common in?
-40-70 yrs old
What can excess GH do if there is an adenoma in the pituitary?
- Cause Gigantism if before puberty
- Cause acromegaly (bones trying to grow but they can’t get longer, they just get bigger and thicker) if after puberty
A Pituitary adenoma often puts pressure on the optic chiasma and causes what?
-Loss of lateral visual fields
What are the four common kinds of adenomas in the pituitary?
- Prolactinoma
- Growth Hormone
- Null cell
- Cortiocotroph
If you have a corticotroph adenoma what does that cause?
-Cushings disease (Over activity of the adrenal cortex via pituitary stimulation)
What happens with a prolactionma?
- Hypogonadism
- Affect reproduction functions
What is the most common hyperfunctioning adenoma?
-Prolactinomas
what is the most common childhood pituitary adenoma?
-Growth hormone adenoma
What is the most common cause of Hypopituitarism?
-Non-secretory pituitary adenomas
What are the consequences of Hypopituitarism?
- Loss of sex-characteristics - sterility
- Retard growth in children
- Hypothyroidism
What are the consequences of inappropriate ADH secretion from the pituitary?
- Alters kidney function volume (water) expansion
- Hyponatremia
- Hemodilution
What are the causes of inappropriate ADH secretion from the pituitary?
- Metastasized carcinoma
- CNS infection
