CNS degenerative disorders lecture #3 Flashcards
What are they ways to manage dental needs in Alzheimer’s disease pts?
- Provide short, simple instructions
- Use a “watch me” technique
- Monitor daily oral care
- Keep up with regular dental visits for as long as possible
What are the clinical manifestations of Multiple Sclerosis?
- Demyleination
- Site specific
- Progressive and relapsing/remission
What type of disease is MS?
-Demyelination disease leading to inflammation and scarring
T/F The symptoms of MS are site specific
True
What can MS effect?
- Senses
- Autonomics
- Cognition
- Depression
- Fatigue
What does heat and stress do to MS patients?
-Stimulate MS episodes
Where do you see most patients with MS?
-Places where Scandinavian populations have settled (In the US the northern states)
Is MS genetic?
-Yes
Is MS a male or female disease?
-More female
When do you start to see MS?
-Earlier in life than most other degenerative diseases
How may people in the US have MS?
-300,000
What are the initiating factors of MS?
- Possibly a viral infection
- It is an Autoimmune disease
What is the progression of MS like?
-It is variable from person to person with relapses/remissions
What are the four classifications of MS?
- Benign
- Relapsing remission
- Relapsing progressive
- Chronic progression
If you have Benign MS what symptoms are associated with it?
-Not really any symptoms except maybe some fatigue
If you have relapsing remission of MS what is associated with it?
-Symptoms Come and Go (on/off) but there is no worsening of the disease
If you have relapsing progressive of MS what is associated with it?
-Symptoms come and go but the severity of the disease continues to progress
If you have chronic progression of MS what is associated with it?
- It continually progresses once you start getting symptoms
- Usually fatal
Where does MS occur?
-In the brain
What is the diagnosis and treatment of MS?
- There is no definitive test to diagnose MS
- You can use MRIs to see opacities but that isn’t the only thing that can appear opaque in the brain
When do they call is MS?
- If the brain scan has more than 2 areas of opacities
- And if you have the symptoms of MS
What do the symptoms of MS depend on?
-Where you see the opacities in the MRI
How do you manage relapses of MS?
- Prednisone (steroid for anti-inflammation)
- Interferon (Potent genetic approach to dealing with inflammation)
- Methyltrexate
If you have bowel dysfunction of MS what drug will you give?
-Metamucil (psyllium)
What symptoms are common with MS?
- Bladder dysfunction
- Bowel Dysfunction
- Depression
- Fatigue
- Pain
- Tremors
If you have bladder dysfunctions of MS what drug will you give?
-Tamsulosin (Flomax)
If you have depression with MS what drug will you give?
-Prozac
If you have fatigue with MS what drug will you give?
-Modafinil
If you have pain with MS what drug will you give?
-Gabapentin (Neurontin) (anti-seizure drug)
If you have tremors with MS what drug will you give?
-Clonazepam (Klonopin)
What does ALS stand for?
-Amyotrophic lateral schlerosis
What does ALS damage and do?
-CNS nerves that destroy voluntary skeletal muscles
What is a chronic autoimmune damage to skeletal muscles and diminished contact between neurons and skeletal muscles?
Myasthenia gravis
What causes Myasthenia Gravis?
- Nueromuscular junction
- Destroy receptors for acetylcholine
What drugs do you use for Myasthenia Gravis?
-Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor
If you stigmine what type of drug is it?
-Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor
What is a disorder in which the body’s immune system attacks part of the peripheral nervous system?
-Guillain-Barrie syndrome
When does Guillain-Barre occur?
-A few days or weeks after the patient has had symptoms of a respiratory or GI viral infection
Extrapyramidal disease includes what groups of clinical disorders?
- Parkinsonism
- Chorea
- Athetosis
What is an extrapyramidal disease?
-It is a functional rather than anatomical unit problem marked by abnormal involuntary movements, alterations in muscle tone and postural disturbances
