Drug addiction

Question 1

What causes dependence of a drug?

Answer 1

-Your body adapts and tolerates the drug that can lead to withdrawals from persistent use

Question 2

What is addiction?

Answer 2

-A disorder of pathologic decision making

Question 3

All abused substances enhance what?

Answer 3

-Dopamine activity in nucleus accumbens

Question 4

Besides dopamine what other pathways are involved in substance abuse?

Answer 4

• Glutamate

- GABA

Question 5

What are the functions of dopamine?

Answer 5

• Reward
• Pleasure
• Euphoria
• Motor function
• Compulsion
• Perserveration
• Decision making

Question 6

What are the functions of Serotonin?

Answer 6

• Mood
• Memory processing
• Sleep
• Cognition

Question 7

T/F Drugs that work with dopamine usually also work with serotonin

Answer 7

True

Question 8

What do amphetamines alter?

Answer 8

-Dendrites and it increases synaptic connections

Question 9

What do opioids narcotics do to cause dopamine release?

Answer 9

-Activate opioid receptors

Question 10

What does nicotine do to cause dopamine release?

Answer 10

-Activate nicotinic receptors

Question 11

What does marijuana do to cause dopamine release?

Answer 11

-Activate cannabinoid receptors

Question 12

What does caffeine do to cause dopamine release?

Answer 12

-blocks adenosine receptors

Question 13

What are classic DA uptake blockers?

Answer 13

• Cocaine

- Ritalin

Question 14

What drugs cause release of DA vesicles and reverse transporters “releasers”?

Answer 14

• Amphetamines
• Methamphetamine
• MDMA (Ecstasy)
• Ephedrine
• “bath salts”

Question 15

What are the long term consequences for using amphetamines?

Answer 15

-4 fold increase for Parkinson’s disease

Question 16

What receptors allow you to have euphoria?

Answer 16

-D2 receptors

Question 17

What is the other term for drug addiction?

Answer 17

-Substance use disorder

Question 18

What is the last part of the brain to develop?

Answer 18

-Prefrontal cortex

Question 19

If you smoke before 13 what percent chance do you have of quitting?

Answer 19

-4%

Question 20

If you begin smoking as an adult what chance do you have of quitting?

Answer 20

-90%

Question 21

You have overlap of addiction and mental illness but there is a difference in pattern dependent on age, youth are more likely to have what type of disorder?

Answer 21

-Conduct disorder

Question 22

You have overlap of addiction and mental illness but there is a difference in pattern dependent on age, older adults are more likely to have what type of disorder?

Answer 22

-Depression

Question 23

What does Cognitive therapy affect?

Answer 23

-Frontal cortex

Question 24

What does Motivational enhancement therapy affect?

Answer 24

-Orbitofrontal cortex

Question 25

What does contingency management affect?

Answer 25

-Inhibition control mediated through cortical-amygdala interactions

Question 26

What is misuse?

Answer 26

-Either not prescribed or clinically inappropriate

Question 27

What is the addiction cycle?

Answer 27

• Relieve medical condition
• Pt realizes that is cause reinforcing effects (dopamine in brain)
• Induces physical dependence
• Tolerance and withdrawal occur
• Pts may have a substance abuse risk before treatment
• Pts use various strategies to maintain drug supply

Question 28

What is using drugs for a non medical reason known as?

Answer 28

-Abuse

Question 29

Where do most drugs that are being abused coming from?

Answer 29

-Family or relatives

Question 30

What is SBIRT?

Answer 30

• Screening
• Brief interview
• Intervention
• Referral
• Treatment

Question 31

What does DOPL do?

Answer 31

-Has a database that shows how many previous prescription of drugs they have had