module 12 sulfonamides and UTI meds Flashcards
sulfonamide Rx
sulfamethoxazole
sulfadiazine
sulfonamides MOA
mimics PABA and inhibits bacterial biosynthesis of folic acid
sulfonamides uses
otitis media meningitis UTI toxoplasmosis PCP URI stentrophomonas maltophilia
sulfonamides AE
hypersensitivity hemolytic anemia megaloblastic anemia neutropenia agranulocytosis crystalluria hematuria
sulfonamides administration
bacteriostatic
sulfonamides education
inc. fluids
sulfonamides DI
PABP compounds: procaine: mimics
potentiate: warfarin, sulfonylureas, phenytoin
bactrim inhibits 2C9
cross sensitivity with: thiazides, furosemide, sulfas
trimethoprim MOA
inhibits dihydrofolate reductase
-> dec. folic acid synthesis
trimethoprim use
alone: w/ sulfonamide allergy
trimethoprim administration
in combo with sulfamethoxazole
- synergistic
- dec. resistance
dapsone MOA
sulfone
mimic PABA and inhibit bacterial biosynthesis of folic acid
dapsone AE
hemolytic anemia leukopenia methemoglobinemia anorexia N/V HA dizzy lethargy psychosis mononucleosis-like syndrome
dapsone monitoring
G6PD: deficient -> inc. AE
dapsone education
more toxic than sulfonamides
phenazopyridine use
UTI
no antibacterial activity
for symptomatic relief
phenzopyridine administration
given in combo with sulfonamides
phenazopyridine education
discoloration of the urine
local anesthetic action on urinary tract
nitrofurantoin MOA
inhibits bacterial enzymes needed for protein, DNA, RNA, and cell wall synthesis
nitrofurantoin use
UTI
nitrofurantoin AE
GI distress HSR HA vertigo/dizzy polyneuropathy altered urine color
nitrofurantoin CI
renal dysfunction
nitrofurantoin administration
bacteriocidal in urine
