module 11 oncology overview Flashcards
Cancer
uncontrolled cell growth
cytotoxic therapy
targets rapidly dividing cells
- non-specific: kills all rapidly dividing cels
targeted therapy
targets a specific gene or protein on a cancerous cell
- single target or molecular pathway
immunotherapy
activates immune system to treat cancer
cell cycle specific
cytotoxic chemotherapy
- works on a specific phase of the cell cycle
cytotoxic chemotherapy doses bases on
BSA: body surface area
dose limiting toxicities
limit the max. dose given of cytotoxic agent
- hemorrhagic cystitis
- cardiotoxicity
- peripheral neuropathy
- bone marrow suppression
cytoprotective agents
used to mitigate the dose-limiting toxicities
- Mesna: prevent hemorrhage cystitis
- Dexrazoxane: prevent cardiac toxicity
- Amifostine: prevent renal toxicity
targeted therapy options
monoclonal antibodies
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
monoclonal antibodies
targeted therapy
- target protein on the outside of cell
tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)
targeted therapy
- intracellular target to shut down some cellular pathway
- turn off the “on” switches
TKI admin
mostly PO
- no infusion reaction
TKI AE
most cause diarrhea, many cause rash based on molecular target - EGFR - HER2 - VEGF BCR-ABL
immunotherapy options
monoclonal antibodies vaccines cytokines CAR-T immunomodulators
immunotherapy AE
acronym LEGS - Liver: inc. LFT - Endocrine: hypothyroid - Gastrointestinal: diarrhea, colitis - Skin: rash More severe AE - cytokine release syndrome - infusion reactions --- tx with high-dose steroids
