module 12 beta-lactams penicillin Flashcards
beta lactam 3 drug classes
penicillins
cephalosporins
carapenems
beta lactam MOA
inhibit cell wall synthesis
- bind to PBP -> inihibit transpeptidase
- > inhibition of cell wall synthesis
beta lactam AE
hypersensitivity
- severe: anaphylaxis
- other: hives, rash
beta lactam administration
bacteriocidal
time dependent
beta lactam precaution
renally eliminated
beta lactam education
resistance d/t b-lactamase
cross-reactivity possible
naturally occurring penicillins
penicillin G
penicillin G benzathine
penicillin G procaine
penicillin V
PCNase resistant penicillins
nafcillin
oxacillin
dicloxacillin
amino penicillins
ampicillin
ampicillin/sulbactam
amoxicillin
amoxicillin/cluvalanate
extended spectrum penicillins
piperacillin
piperacillin/tazobactam
ticarcillin
ticarcillin/clavulanate
PBP
penicillin binding proteins
Penicillin G/V use
gram + - strepococci gram - - neisseria spirochetes - T. pallidum cellulitis otitis media syphilis strep pneumococcal pneumonia gangrene oral abscess
B-lactamse resistant penicillins
cloxacillin
dicloxacillin
nafcillin
oxacillin
B-lactamase resistant penicillin spectrum of activity
gram +
- streptococci
- staphylococci
No enterococcus or gram - activity
B-lactamase side group
large side group prevents b-lactamase from cleaving B-lactam ring