module 12 congenital disorders

Question 1

vesicoureteral reflux

Answer 1

congenital anatomic anomaly

• reflux of urine from the ureter bladder junction
• incompetence of valvular mechanism
• > pyelonephritis, renal scarring, HTN, renal insufficiency

Question 2

vesicoureteral reflux s/s

Answer 2

recurrent uti
voiding dysfunction
renal insufficiency
HTN in children

Question 3

ureteral ectopy

Answer 3

extra ureter
implanted in an abnormal location or a duplicate ureter
inc. risk of infection and reduce renal function

Question 4

ureterocele

Answer 4

cystic dilation at distal end of the ureter
types: 
-intravesical or orthotopic 
-extravesical or ectopic
-single system 
-duplex system 
surgical intervention needed

Question 5

intravesical or orthotopic ureterocele

Answer 5

entirely within the bladder itself

- like a bulge in bladder

Question 6

extravesical or ectopic ureterocele

Answer 6

neck of the bladder or in the urethra

Question 7

single system ureterocele

Answer 7

ureterocele with a kidney that has just one ureter

Question 8

duplex system ureterocele

Answer 8

ureteroceles are found with a kidney possessing two ureters

Question 9

ureterocele ->

Answer 9

ureteral and renal calyx dilation

-> reflux and infection

Question 10

ureterocele s/s

Answer 10

hydronephrosis 
UTI
voiding dysfunction 
hematuria
urosepsis
failure to thrive