9.1 Overview of the Urinary System Flashcards
1
Q
List five functions of the urinary system
A
- Filtering blood plasma
- Conserving nutrients
- Producing hormones
- Blood pressure/volume
- Blood pH/glucose
2
Q
Which kidney is superior to the other? Why?
A
Left is superior to right; right is pushed down by liver
3
Q
Which anatomical structures protect the kidneys?
A
- 11th and 12th ribs
- Visceral organs
- Fat
4
Q
How long are kidneys? How much do they weigh?
A
- 10cm
- 150g
5
Q
What structures pass through the renal hilum?
A
- Renal nerve
- Renal vein
- Renal artery
- Ureter
6
Q
What are the three protective layers of the kidney?
A
- Fibrous capsule (collagen)
- Perinephric fat (adipose)
- Renal fascia (dense, fibrous outer layer; anchors to surrounding structures)
7
Q
What occurs in the renal cortex?
A
- Filtration
- Reabsorption
- Removal of waste
8
Q
What is the function of the renal medulla?
A
- Regulate concentration of urine
9
Q
What does the renal sinus contain?
A
- Renal pelvis
- Renal calyces
- Blood vessels
- Fat
10
Q
Where are the renal pyramids located? What is their function?
A
- Renal medulla
- Carry urine from cortex to sinus
11
Q
What is the apex of the renal medulla called? In what direction do they face?
A
- Renal papilla
- Faces sinus
12
Q
Where are the renal columns located? What is their function?
A
- Adrenal medulla
- Separate renal pyramids
13
Q
What do renal lobes consist of?
A
- Renal cortex
- Renal pyramid
- Adjacent renal columns
14
Q
What is the function of renal lobes?
A
- Produce urine
15
Q
Describe the passage of urine to the bladder
A
- Renal papilla
- Minor calyces (collects from single lobe)
- Major calyces (fusion of 4-5 minor calyces)
- Renal pelvis (funnel; continuous with ureter)
- Ureter drains to bladder (peristaltic wave every 30 sec)
