8.8 Fuel Metabolism, Energy & Nutrition Requirements Flashcards
1
Q
Define metabolism
A
The chemical reactions in living organisms that
maintain life.
2
Q
List the macronutrients
A
- Proteins
- Carbs
- Fats
3
Q
List the micronutrients
A
- Vitamins
- Minerals
- Trace elements
4
Q
Do micronutrients provide energy?
A
No. Only macronutrients.
5
Q
What is the most energy-dense nutrient?
A
Fat
6
Q
What factors influence energy requirements?
A
- Body size and composition
- Age-related changes
- Activity
- Basal metabolic rate
7
Q
Which equations determine basal metabolic rate?
A
Henry Equations
8
Q
Which are the essential dietary fatty acids?
A
Linolenic and alpha linolenic
9
Q
What are the two omega 3 fatty acids?
A
DHA and EPA
10
Q
What are some health effects of omega 3 fatty acids?
A
- Alleviate inflammation
- Negative association with cardiovascular disease
11
Q
What are some sources of omega 3?
A
- Oily fish
- Nuts
12
Q
Effect of trans fatty acids on lipoprotein profile
A
- Increase LDL
- Decrease HDL
13
Q
What are the only essential requirements for fat?
A
- Essential fatty acids
- Vitamin absorption
14
Q
What are the four types of carbohydrates?
A
- Sugars
- Starches
- Oligosaccharides
- Dietary Fibre
15
Q
How can resistant oligosaccharides have a cariogenic effect?
A
- Dental bacteria metabolises them to produce organic acids
- Leads to tooth decay
