Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Foundations Of Medicine > 4.1 The Upper Respiratory Tract > Flashcards

4.1 The Upper Respiratory Tract Flashcards

1
Q

Is the larynx in the upper or lower airways?

A

Upper (of course)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Fundamentally, what are tonsils?

A

Accumulations of lymphatic vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the name given to the posterior opening of the nasal cavity?

A

Choanae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is encompassed within the nasopharynx?

A

Choanae to soft palate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the soft palate?

A

The muscular (not bony) part of the back of the roof of the mouth.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is encompassed within the oropharynx?

A

Between the palate and the superior border epiglottis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is encompassed within the laryngopharynx?

A

Connects oropharynx and oesophagus.
Posterior to larynx.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Draw the upper airways, including sections of the pharynx

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the functions of the nasal cavity?

A
  • Conduction of air
  • Warming air
  • Humidifying air
  • Cleaning air (think: mucosa)
  • Sense of smell
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Is the nasal septum entirely made of cartilage?

A

No. There is also bone further back. This bone is called the ethmoid bone.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the three protrusions on each side of the nasal septum called?

A

Conchae (means muscle). There are superior, inferior, and middle conchae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which of the conchae are projections of the ethmoid bone?

A

Superior and middle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the passages between the conchae called?

A

Nasal Meatus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What do the paranasal sinuses do? What are they?

A
  • They are filled with air
  • (finish this one)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the four paranasal sinuses?

A
  • Frontal sinuses
  • Maxillary sinuses
  • Ethmoidal sinuses
  • Sphenoid sinuses
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What other type of duct is connected to the nasal cavity (think: superhero)

A

Tear duct. This is why you need a tissue when you cry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Where are the frontal sinuses located?

A

Lower part of the forehead, over the eye sockets and eyebrows

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Which sinuses drain into the ethmoidal bulla?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

WHere is the ethmoidal bulla located?

A
20
Q

[follow up on trumpet comment]

A
21
Q

What is an enlarged pharyngeal tonsil called?

A

Adenoid

22
Q

What are the names of the bones in the middle ear?

A
23
Q

Look more into the middle ear

A
24
Q

Which is the only bone in the body that is not connected to any other bone?

A

The Hyoid bone.

25
Q

What membrane connects the hyoid bone and the thyroid cartilage?

A

Thyrohyoid membrane

26
Q

What is the pharynx?

A

A muscular tube.

27
Q

What are the muscles in the pharynx called?

A

Pharyngeal constrictor muscles

28
Q

What are the three pharyngeal constrictor muscles?

A
  • Superior constrictor
  • Middle constrictor
  • Inferior constrictor
29
Q

What are the functions of the larynx?

A
  • Separation of digestive tract and airways
  • Protection of lower airways
  • Conduction of air
  • Phonation (voice box)
30
Q

What is the diameter of the oesophagus?

A

Less than 1cm. Usually flat; chew carefully.

31
Q

What is the largest cartilage in the body?

A

The thyroid cartilage

32
Q

Why are the flaps of the vocal fold so close together?

A

So they can vibrate more quickly.

33
Q

Where are the ethmoid sinuses located?

A

In the ethmoid bone above the nose and between the eyes.

34
Q

Where are the maxillary sinuses?

A

Below the cheeks on the sides of the nose

35
Q

Where are the sphenoid sinuses located?

A

Both are behind the nose and between the eyes, in the sphenoid bone.

36
Q

What is the nasolacrimal duct?

A

Tear duct

37
Q

What is the name of a tonsil that is positioned superior to the torus tubarius and inferior to the sphenoid sinuses?

A

Pharyngeal tonsil

38
Q

What is the salpingopharyngeus?

A

The muscle that pulls the pharyngotympanic tube open when swallowing

39
Q

Why is it useful that small amounts of air are allowed through the pharyngotympanic tube when the salpingopharyngeus is contracted?

A

Pressure equalisation between the middle ear and the external environment

40
Q

What is the name of the tube that connects the nasopharynx and the middle ear

A

Pharyngotympanic tube

41
Q

What is the name of the type of tonsil that is connected to the posterior surface of the oropharynx?

A

Palatine tonsils (kind of like Palestine)

42
Q

What is the name of the tonsil in the oropharnyx that can become inflamed in young children?

A

Pharyngeal tonsil

43
Q

What is the name of the tonsils that are located on the posterior surface of the tongue?

A

Lingual tonsils

44
Q

What is the name of the muscle that opens the pharyngotympanic tubes? When are these tubes open? Why does air get exchanged through this tube when they are?

A
  • Salpingopharyngeus muscle
  • Opens during yawning and swallowing
  • Allows pressure regulation
45
Q

What is the function of the hyoid bone?

A

Connects tongue and other muscles to:
- Floor of oral cavity
- Epiglottis
- Pharynx
- Larynx

Foundations Of Medicine (98 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions