7.3 Acid Base Balance Part 2 Flashcards
What is a cation?
positively charged ion
What are chemical acid-base buffers composed of?
weak acid and its anioni or a weak base and its cation
What are the three major chemical buffer systems in the body?
bicarbonate
phosphate
protein
Are the chemical buffer systems fast or slow acting?
fast
What is the bicarbonate buffer system?
main buffer of the interstitial and plasma fluids
What is the phosphate buffer system?
one of the buffers in the urine and intracellular fluid
What is the protein buffer system?
main buffer of intracellular fluid
What is the bicarbonate buffer system composed of?
weak carbonic acid
bicarbonate ion
What is the phosphate buffer system composed of?
weak acid H2PO4
monohydrogen phosphate ion HPO4
Which system provides three times the buffering capacity as the other systems?
protein
What does the protein buffer system include?
amino acids
hemoglobin
plasma proteins
What is the function of the respiratory control center?
removes carbon dioxide and adds oxygen to the blood
What do the chemoreceptors of the respiratory center do?
monitor the level of carbon dioxide in the blood and either increase or decrease breathing rate depending on the levels
Where are the chemoreceptors of the respiratory center located?
medulla of brainstem
What does CO2 and water from in red blood cells?
carbonic acid
