7.1 Anatomy of the Urinary System

Question 1

What is the urinary system composed of?

Answer 1

kidneys
two ureters
urinary bladder
urethra

Question 2

Where do the ureters drain?

Answer 2

from each kidney into the bladder

Question 3

What is the function of the urethra?

Answer 3

carries urine from the body

Question 4

What are several functions of the kidneys?

Answer 4

fluid homeostasis
filtration of wastes
homeostasis of blood volume and chemical composition

Question 5

What is the shape of an adult kidney?

Answer 5

bean shaped

Question 6

What is the weight of an adult kidney?

Answer 6

5 ounces

Question 7

How do the left and right kidneys lie compared to one another and why?

Answer 7

right is slightly lower than left because of the livers position above it

Question 8

Where are the kidneys located?

Answer 8

T12 and L3 vertebra

Question 9

What is the shape of the medial surface of the kidney?

Answer 9

concave

Question 10

What is the renal hilus?

Answer 10

cleft on medial surface

Question 11

What does the renal hilus lead to?

Answer 11

renal sinus

Question 12

What is located in the renal sinus?

Answer 12

ureters
blood vessels
nerves

Question 13

What is on top of each kidney?

Answer 13

adrenal gland

Question 14

What are the three layers of tissue of the kidney?

Answer 14

inner layer = renal capsule
middle layer = adipose capsule
outer layer = renal fascia

Question 15

What is the renal capsule?

Answer 15

protective tissue layer that is a tough fibrous layer that protects it from injury and infection

Question 16

What is the adipose capsule?

Answer 16

fatty layer over the renal capsule that protects kidney from trauma

Question 17

What is the renal fascia?

Answer 17

dense fibrous connective tissue that keeps kidneys in place inside the abdominal cavity

Question 18

What are the three regions of the kidney?

Answer 18

cortex
medulla
pelvis

Question 19

Where is the renal cortex located?

Answer 19

just inside of the renal capsule

Question 20

What are the projections called from the renal cortex?

Answer 20

cortical columns