4.1 Anatomy of the Heart and Vessels art 2 Flashcards
What are the atria?
upper receiving chambers
What are the ventricles?
lower pumping chambers
Which chambers are smaller and less muscular?
atria
What is the fossa ovalis?
shallow depression in the septum that separates left and right atria
What does the fossa ovalis mark?
the opening between the atria which is present in all developing fetuses
What is the purpose of the fossa ovalis in fetuses?
allows fetal blood to move directly from right to left atrium bypassing the underdeveloped lungs
When does the fossa ovalis close?
during birth once the lungs can receive oxygen
How many valves are in the heart?
four
What is the purpose of the valves in the heart?
regulate flow of blood (one-way)
What are the four valves of the heart?
pulmonary
aortic
mitral/bicuspid
tricuspid
What is the pulmonary valve?
controls the flow of blood leaving the right ventricle into the pulmonary trunk
What is the aortic valve?
controls the flow of blood out of the left ventricle into the aorta
Which is stronger and why? Aorta or pulmonary?
aorta; increased blood pressure needed to send blood throughout the body
What is the mitral valve?
controls flow of blood from the left atrium into the left ventricle
What is the tricuspid valve?
controls the flow of blood from the right atrium into the right ventricle
How many types of blood vessels are there?
three
What are the types of blood vessels?
arteries
veins
capillaries
What are arteries?
carry blood away from heart
What are veins?
carry blood back to heart
What are capillaries?
exchange materials with tissues
