7.2 Physiology of the Urinary System

Question 1

How many times a day do the kidneys filter the entire blood plasma?

Answer 1

60 times a day

Question 2

How much body energy do the kidneys use to exrete wastes as urine?

Answer 2

25%

Question 3

How many gallons of glomerular filtrate are removed daily from the blood plasma?

Answer 3

47 gallons

Question 4

What are the three processes of the kidneys?

Answer 4

filtration
reabsorption
secretion

Question 5

Where does filtration take places?

Answer 5

glomerulus

Question 6

Where does reabsorption take place?

Answer 6

renal tubules

Question 7

Where does secretion take place?

Answer 7

renal tubules

Question 8

What type of filtration takes place in the glomerulus and does it require energy?

Answer 8

mechanical/no

Question 9

What does filtration at the glomerulus rely on?

Answer 9

opposing pressures exerted within the glomerular capsule and glomerulus capillary

Question 10

What is the blood hydrostatic presssure?

Answer 10

amount of pressure found inside the blood in the capillaries driving fluids out of the capillaries

Question 11

What does blood hydrostatic pressure depend on?

Answer 11

blood pressure from heart and vessels

Question 12

What is colloid osomotic pressure?

Answer 12

pressure that is dependent on the amount of proteins in the plasma

Question 13

What is COP also known as?

Answer 13

oncotic pressure

Question 14

What opposes hydrostatic pressure?

Answer 14

COP

Question 15

What does COP do?

Answer 15

pulls water out of the filtrate and back into the capillary beds

Question 16

What is the normal range of the COP?

Answer 16

25-32 mmHg

Question 17

What happens if the COP goes outside of the normal range?

Answer 17

damages the glomerulus

Question 18

What is the capsular hydrostatic pressure?

Answer 18

mechanical pressure exerted by the recoil of the elasticity inside the glomerular arterioles

Question 19

What pressure does the capsular hydrostatic pressure oppose?

Answer 19

blood hydrostatic pressure

Question 20

What is the net filtration pressure?

Answer 20

difference in pressures between the outgoing forces and the incoming forces of the glomerulus