2.6 Nervous System Injury and Disease Part 2 Flashcards
What is a CT scan?
scan that uses x-ray technology to take a visual cross section of the brain
What are the two types of strokes?
ischemic
hemorrhagic
What is an ischemic stroke?
due to a blockage such as one caused by a clot or fat deposit
What is a TIA?
transient ischemic attack
When does a TIA occur?
when a small clot causes a temporary block in blood flow but then dissolves
What is a hemorrhagic stroke?
occurs due to a brain bleed when a blood vessel in the brain ruptures
What is often a result of a severe stroke?
death
If a person survives a stroke what are the common symptoms?
paralysis
cognitive deficits
speech problems
emotional difficulties
pain
What is neural plasticity?
when damages neurons in the surrounding areas after a stroke sprout new branches that spread into the injured area
What is dementia?
general term for all brain disorders with memory deficits
What is Alzheimers?
progressive degenerative disease of the brain that results in mental decline until the body can no longer control bodily functions
What is the cause of Alzheimers disease?
structural changes in the brain/cerebral cortex
What is the physiological cause of Alzheimers?
plaques form and entangle the dendrites within the brain preventing neurons from firing
What does lack of neural firing lead to?
cell death
What are symptoms of early stages of Alzheimers?
difficulty remembering newly learned information
What are symptoms of later stages of Alzheimers?
lack of basic memory skills
disorientation
mood and behavior changes
difficulty speaking, swallowing, and walking
What is Lou Gehrig s disease also known as?
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
What is ALS?
rare neuromuscular conditions that involves progressive destruction of ventral horn motor neurons
What are the symptoms of ALS?
paralysis
loss of ability to speak, swallow, and breathe
What causes paralysis?
localized damage to the spinal cord or spinal nerve roots
