7.1 Anatomy of the Urinary System Part 3 Flashcards
What helps to prevent urine from flowing back to the kidney?
ureterovesical valves and downward flow of urine
What are the layers of the ureter?
inner = transitional epithleium
middle = longitudinal sheet and circular sheet of muscle
outer = adventitia
What does distension of the middle muscular layer by the urine cause?
ureter to contract and push urine through
What is the urinary bladder?
hollow, muscular elastic pouch
Where does the base of the bladder lie in males?
in front of the rectum and behind the pubic symphysis
Where does the bladder lie in females?
below the uterus and in front of the vagina
Who has a higher maximum capacity of urine: males or females?
males
How do the ureters open into the bladder?
via the ureteral orifices
What is the trigone?
smooth, triangular center region of the bladder
What are the three layers of the bladder?
outer adventitia = fibrous connective tissue
middle = detrusor muscles
inner = mucosal layer
What are the layers of the detrusor muscle?
inner and outer longitudinal muscle and middle circular layer
What is the composition of the mucosal layer of the bladder?
transitional epithleium
What is the purpose of the transitional epithelium of the bladder?
specialized to stretch allowing bladder to increase its volume
What is the shape of the bladder when empty?
pyramidal
What is the shape of the bladder when it is full?
pear shaped
