4.4 Diseases of the Cardiovascular System Flashcards
What is syncope?
fainting
Why can you experience syncope when standing?
blood pools at the feet, loss of blood pressure in brain can cause fainting
What are the leading cause of death in Americans?
cardiovascular diseases
What does heart failure cause?
abnormal back up of fluids in the body leading to edema and/or high blood pressure
What does left sided heart failure usually cause?
pulmonary edema
What is pulmonary edema also known as?
congestive heart failure
What does right sides heart failure typically cause?
peripheral edema
What is hypertension?
condition when the systolic and diastolic pressures are significantly higher than 120/80
What type of cardiovascular condition is known as the silent killer?
hypertension
What is atherosclerosis?
accumulation of soft masses of fatty materials inside of arteries
What is a form of hypertension?
artherosclerosis
What is plaque?
fatty deposits inside of arteries
What is a thrombus?
stationary blood clot
What is an embolus?
blood clot that has dislodged and moves with the blood
What is a thromboembolism?
embolus that becomes lodged in a vessel as it travels
What is a pulmonary thromboembolism? (PE)
blockage of a major artery in the lungs
What are symptoms of PEs?
shortness of breath
angina
What is angina?
chest pain
What is an infarction?
occurs when the blood vessel is entirely blocked causing tissue death
What is a myocardial infarction?
heart attack
