2.5 The Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards
What is the autonomic nervous system?
portion of the PNS made up of motor neurons the control the internal organs atuomatically
Where are the cell bodies for the sensory neurons that allow us to feel internal pain?
dorsal root ganglia
What is a preganglionic axon?
a motor neuron cell body is located in the CNS and the axon will synapse with a secondary motor neuron in an autonomic ganglion outside of the spinal cord
What is a postganglionic axon?
axon of the ganglionic neuron that has already synapsed in the autonomic ganglion and synapses on an effector organ
What are the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system?
sympathetic
parasympathetic
Generally what happens if one of the divisions of the autonomic nervous system stimulates?
the other will inhibit
What is the sympathetic nervous system also known as?
thoracolumbar division
What does the sympathetic nervous system contain?
preganglionic fibers from the thoracic and upper lumbar segments of the spinal cord in the lateral gray horns
When is the sympathetic nervous system needed?
emergency situations “fight or flight”
What happens when the sympathetic nervous system is stimulated?
activates muscles increased oxygen and glucose supply
accelerates heartbeat
dilates bronchi
increases breathing rate
What does the sympathetic division inhibit when it is stimulated?
inhibits digestive tract
What is the primary neurotransmitter used by the sympathetic nervous system?
norepinephrine
What is the neuron called when it releases norepinephrine?
adrenergic
What are the ganglia found in the sympathetic nervous system?
sympathetic trunk ganglia
celiac ganglion
superior mesenteric ganglion
inferior mesenteric ganglion
What is the sympathetic trunk ganglia also known as?
lateral ganglia
What does the sympathetic trunk ganglia contain?
ganglia that control the effector organs in the trunk, head, and limbs
What does the celiac ganglion innervate?
digestive tract
What does the superiomesenteric ganglion innervate?
small intestine and parts of the large intestine
What does the inferior mesenteric ganglion innervate?
large intestine
kidneys
bladder
sex organs
What is the parasympathetic nervous system also known as?
craniosacral division
