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A. Small Animal Medicine and Surgery > Wobbler Syndrome and Spinal Cord Tumors > Flashcards

Wobbler Syndrome and Spinal Cord Tumors Flashcards

1
Q

which surgical system for wobbler in dogs is best?

A

spacer and plate system

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2
Q

which breeds are predisposed to lateral and dorso-lateral compression?

A

great dane
mastiff
german shepherd dog
st bernard
bernese mountain dog

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3
Q

how old are dogs with lateral and dorso-lateral compression usually?

A

1-5 years

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4
Q

how can you treat dorsal arch malformations?

A

dorsal laminectomy

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5
Q

who usually gets vertebral malformations?

A

great dane, less than a year old

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6
Q

what does the interaction between the spinous process and dorrsal lamina result in?

A

proliferation of fibrocartilaginous tissue
formation of pseudoarthrosis

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7
Q

how are spinal cord tumors classified?

A

by location

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8
Q

what is the most common type of spinal cord tumor?

A

nerve sheath tumor: extradural

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9
Q

what percentage of spinal cord tumors are extradural?

A

60-65%

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10
Q

what is the mean survival time for surgery alone treatment of canine spinal meningioma?

A

19 months

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11
Q

what are some types of chronic cord compression/wobbler syndrome?

A

dorsal arch malformation
degenerative bone and soft tissues proliferation in dorsal joints
hypertrophy of dorsal annulus with disc protrusion
vertebral malformation

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12
Q

what are the primary abnormalities with disc associated wobbler syndrome?

A

type II disk protrusion/extrusion
vertebral canal stenosis

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13
Q

what breeds usually have disc associated wobbler syndrome?

A

doberman
rottweiler, german shepherd, mastiff, labrador retriever, weimaraner, dalmation

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14
Q

where are ventral compressions mainly with disc associated wobbler syndrome?

A

C6-7
C5-6

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15
Q

what are the treatment options for disc associated wobbler syndrome?

A

medical management
artificial disc
ventral slot procedure
distraction and stabilization

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16
Q

which treatment option for disc associated wobbler syndrome has the best outcome?

A

spacer and plate system
good short term outcome

17
Q

how common are compressions at multiple levels with lateral and dorso-lateral compression?

A

80%

18
Q

what is the surgical option for lateral and dorso-lateral compression?

A

dorsal laminectomy

19
Q

what is the medical management for dorso-lateral compression?

A

exercise restriction
prednisone needed
pain management

20
Q

is there neurological improvement for medical management of dorso-lateral compression?

A

not often

21
Q

what percentage of dogs after dorso-lateral compression surgery get worse?

A

10%
27% also relapse

22
Q

can dorsal arch malformations be static or dynamic?

A

yes

23
Q

what breeds are predisposed to dorsal arch malformations?

A

great dane most common
german shepherd dog
labrador retriever
bernese mountain dog

24
Q

where are dorsal arch malformations most common?

A

C4/5
C5/6
less: C3/4
multilevel 50% of dogs

25
Q

what are the dorsal arch malformations?

A

dorsal provess tilted cranially
overlap with dorsal lamina of cranial vertebra

26
Q

what does interaction between the spinous process and thee dorsal lamina result in in dorsal arch malformations?

A

proliferation of fibrocartilaginous tissue
formation of pseudoarthrosis

27
Q

how can dorsal arch malformation be diagnosed on histopathology?

A

cartilaginous proliferation and degeneration
synovial ulceration
villus hypertrophy

28
Q

how is the outcome with dorsal arch malformations treated with dorsal laminectomy?

A

very good
transient worsening due to tissue swelling 33%

29
Q

how can you treat vertebral malformations?

A

ventral stabilization
plates and screws

30
Q

what are some subtypes of wobbler?

A

disc associated wobbler syndrome
dorso-lateral compressions
dorsal compressions
vertebral tipping

31
Q

what tumors are the most common after nerve sheath tumors?

A

myxoma/myxosarcoma
osteosarcoma

32
Q

what is the breakdown of localization of tumors in the spinal cord?

A

C1-T2 30-40%
T3-L3 40-46%
L4-S1 20-24%

33
Q

what percentage of tumors are intramedullary?

A

3-5%

34
Q

does tumor type, location, primary/metastatic, treatment make a difference in outcome with vertebral tumors?

A

no

35
Q

what is a predictive factor for vertebral tumors?

A

post operative neurological status

36
Q

what is the median survival time for canine spinal meningioma surgery and radiation?

A

45 months

37
Q

which spinal cord tumors have the best outcome?

A

spinal meningiomas

A. Small Animal Medicine and Surgery (71 decks)

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