Wobbler Syndrome and Spinal Cord Tumors Flashcards
which surgical system for wobbler in dogs is best?
spacer and plate system
which breeds are predisposed to lateral and dorso-lateral compression?
great dane
mastiff
german shepherd dog
st bernard
bernese mountain dog
how old are dogs with lateral and dorso-lateral compression usually?
1-5 years
how can you treat dorsal arch malformations?
dorsal laminectomy
who usually gets vertebral malformations?
great dane, less than a year old
what does the interaction between the spinous process and dorrsal lamina result in?
proliferation of fibrocartilaginous tissue
formation of pseudoarthrosis
how are spinal cord tumors classified?
by location
what is the most common type of spinal cord tumor?
nerve sheath tumor: extradural
what percentage of spinal cord tumors are extradural?
60-65%
what is the mean survival time for surgery alone treatment of canine spinal meningioma?
19 months
what are some types of chronic cord compression/wobbler syndrome?
dorsal arch malformation
degenerative bone and soft tissues proliferation in dorsal joints
hypertrophy of dorsal annulus with disc protrusion
vertebral malformation
what are the primary abnormalities with disc associated wobbler syndrome?
type II disk protrusion/extrusion
vertebral canal stenosis
what breeds usually have disc associated wobbler syndrome?
doberman
rottweiler, german shepherd, mastiff, labrador retriever, weimaraner, dalmation
where are ventral compressions mainly with disc associated wobbler syndrome?
C6-7
C5-6
what are the treatment options for disc associated wobbler syndrome?
medical management
artificial disc
ventral slot procedure
distraction and stabilization
which treatment option for disc associated wobbler syndrome has the best outcome?
spacer and plate system
good short term outcome
how common are compressions at multiple levels with lateral and dorso-lateral compression?
80%
what is the surgical option for lateral and dorso-lateral compression?
dorsal laminectomy
what is the medical management for dorso-lateral compression?
exercise restriction
prednisone needed
pain management
is there neurological improvement for medical management of dorso-lateral compression?
not often
what percentage of dogs after dorso-lateral compression surgery get worse?
10%
27% also relapse
can dorsal arch malformations be static or dynamic?
yes
what breeds are predisposed to dorsal arch malformations?
great dane most common
german shepherd dog
labrador retriever
bernese mountain dog
where are dorsal arch malformations most common?
C4/5
C5/6
less: C3/4
multilevel 50% of dogs
what are the dorsal arch malformations?
dorsal provess tilted cranially
overlap with dorsal lamina of cranial vertebra
what does interaction between the spinous process and thee dorsal lamina result in in dorsal arch malformations?
proliferation of fibrocartilaginous tissue
formation of pseudoarthrosis
how can dorsal arch malformation be diagnosed on histopathology?
cartilaginous proliferation and degeneration
synovial ulceration
villus hypertrophy
how is the outcome with dorsal arch malformations treated with dorsal laminectomy?
very good
transient worsening due to tissue swelling 33%
how can you treat vertebral malformations?
ventral stabilization
plates and screws
what are some subtypes of wobbler?
disc associated wobbler syndrome
dorso-lateral compressions
dorsal compressions
vertebral tipping
what tumors are the most common after nerve sheath tumors?
myxoma/myxosarcoma
osteosarcoma
what is the breakdown of localization of tumors in the spinal cord?
C1-T2 30-40%
T3-L3 40-46%
L4-S1 20-24%
what percentage of tumors are intramedullary?
3-5%
does tumor type, location, primary/metastatic, treatment make a difference in outcome with vertebral tumors?
no
what is a predictive factor for vertebral tumors?
post operative neurological status
what is the median survival time for canine spinal meningioma surgery and radiation?
45 months
which spinal cord tumors have the best outcome?
spinal meningiomas
