Urinary Tract Neoplasia

Question 1

what are the benign neoplasias of the bladder and urethra?

Answer 1

papilloma
fibroma
leiomyoma
hemangioma

Question 2

what are the malignant neoplasias of the bladder and urethra?

Answer 2

transitional cell carcinoma
undifferentiated carcinoma
squamous cell carcinoma
adenocarcinoma
leiomyosarcoma
botyroid rabdomyosarcoma

Question 3

what is the most common neoplasia of the urinary tract?

Answer 3

transitional cell carcinoma

Question 4

who more commonly gets canine transitional cell carcinoma?

Answer 4

older dogs
often spayed female
some breeds

Question 5

which dog breed is more likely to get transitional cell carcinoma?

Answer 5

scottish terriers 18x increased risk

Question 6

what are the risk factors for urothelial carcinoma?

Answer 6

exposure to topical insecticides
obesity
treatment with cyclophosphamide
lack of vegetables in diet

Question 7

what are the obstructive urethral diseases?

Answer 7

neoplasia
strictures
extraluminal compression
dyssynergia

Question 8

what can be found on urinalysis with urinary tract neoplasia?

Answer 8

hematuria
pyuria
bacteriuria
neoplastic cells

Question 9

where can transitional cell carcinoma extend?

Answer 9

into ureter, urethra, prostate

Question 10

where is transitional cell carcinoma usually located?

Answer 10

trigone
cranial bladder wall

Question 11

what is transitional cell carcinoma associated with in dogs?

Answer 11

carcinogenic tryptophan metabolites

Question 12

why is transitional cell carcinoma thought to be uncommon in cats?

Answer 12

different metabolic pathway for tryptophan metabolites

Question 13

what is proliferative urethritis?

Answer 13

lymphocytic-plasmacytic inflammatory disease
rule out for urethral neoplasia

Question 14

are secondary UTIs common with urinary tract neoplasia?

Answer 14

yes

Question 15

what is V-BTA?

Answer 15

veterinary bladder tumor antigen test
avoid test

Question 16

what is the cadet test?

Answer 16

cancer detection test
detects BRAF gene mutation in malignant cells
good test

Question 17

what radiographs should you take for urinary tract neoplasia?

Answer 17

chest: metastasis check
lateral caudal abdominal: pelvis and vertebral bodies for metastasis
contrast cystourethrogram

Question 18

what can you evaluate with ultrasonography?

Answer 18

bladder and proximal urethra for masses
lymph nodes and liver
traumatic suction biopsy
biopsy through red rubber

Question 19

what percentage of patients with transitional cell carcinoma develop dysuria?

Answer 19

> 80%

Question 20

what are some urethral smooth muscle relaxants?

Answer 20

alpha-1 adrenergic antagonist
prazosin
tamsulosin

Question 21

what percentage of patients with transitional cell carcinoma or prostatic adenocarcinoma develop urinary obstruction?

Answer 21

10-30%

Question 22

what are the malignant neoplasias of the kidneys?

Answer 22

renal carcinoma
nephroblastoma
lymphoma
cystadenocarcinoma
metastatic neoplasia

Question 23

what are the signs of polycythemia?

Answer 23

depression, weakness
seizures
hemorrhage

Question 24

what can be seen in a urinalysis from renal neoplasia?

Answer 24

hematuria
rarely neoplastic cells

Question 25

what are the therapy options for renal neoplasia?

Answer 25

surgical excision
chemotherapy for lymphoma
chemotherapy for carcinomas