Urinary Tract Neoplasia Flashcards
what are the benign neoplasias of the bladder and urethra?
papilloma
fibroma
leiomyoma
hemangioma
what are the malignant neoplasias of the bladder and urethra?
transitional cell carcinoma
undifferentiated carcinoma
squamous cell carcinoma
adenocarcinoma
leiomyosarcoma
botyroid rabdomyosarcoma
what is the most common neoplasia of the urinary tract?
transitional cell carcinoma
who more commonly gets canine transitional cell carcinoma?
older dogs
often spayed female
some breeds
which dog breed is more likely to get transitional cell carcinoma?
scottish terriers 18x increased risk
what are the risk factors for urothelial carcinoma?
exposure to topical insecticides
obesity
treatment with cyclophosphamide
lack of vegetables in diet
what are the obstructive urethral diseases?
neoplasia
strictures
extraluminal compression
dyssynergia
what can be found on urinalysis with urinary tract neoplasia?
hematuria
pyuria
bacteriuria
neoplastic cells
where can transitional cell carcinoma extend?
into ureter, urethra, prostate
where is transitional cell carcinoma usually located?
trigone
cranial bladder wall
what is transitional cell carcinoma associated with in dogs?
carcinogenic tryptophan metabolites
why is transitional cell carcinoma thought to be uncommon in cats?
different metabolic pathway for tryptophan metabolites
what is proliferative urethritis?
lymphocytic-plasmacytic inflammatory disease
rule out for urethral neoplasia
are secondary UTIs common with urinary tract neoplasia?
yes
what is V-BTA?
veterinary bladder tumor antigen test
avoid test
what is the cadet test?
cancer detection test
detects BRAF gene mutation in malignant cells
good test
what radiographs should you take for urinary tract neoplasia?
chest: metastasis check
lateral caudal abdominal: pelvis and vertebral bodies for metastasis
contrast cystourethrogram
what can you evaluate with ultrasonography?
bladder and proximal urethra for masses
lymph nodes and liver
traumatic suction biopsy
biopsy through red rubber
what percentage of patients with transitional cell carcinoma develop dysuria?
> 80%
what are some urethral smooth muscle relaxants?
alpha-1 adrenergic antagonist
prazosin
tamsulosin
what percentage of patients with transitional cell carcinoma or prostatic adenocarcinoma develop urinary obstruction?
10-30%
what are the malignant neoplasias of the kidneys?
renal carcinoma
nephroblastoma
lymphoma
cystadenocarcinoma
metastatic neoplasia
what are the signs of polycythemia?
depression, weakness
seizures
hemorrhage
what can be seen in a urinalysis from renal neoplasia?
hematuria
rarely neoplastic cells
what are the therapy options for renal neoplasia?
surgical excision
chemotherapy for lymphoma
chemotherapy for carcinomas
